Interactions between gut microorganisms and the role of their metabolites in host health

作者：Feiyan Zhao, Jia Zhao, Rui Ma, Zhihong Sun · 发表于：Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1360/tb-2024-0709 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Bacteriophages and microbial interactions、Plant and Fungal Interactions Research

Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the potential relationships between gut microbes and health, and clarifying that the intestinal tract is an intact micro-ecosystem with highly complex interactions between gut microbes. At present, studies focusing specifically on the relevant relationships between gut microorganisms are still in their infancy, and only some simple one-to-one relationships, rather than networks of interactions between microorganisms, have been elucidated. The present review summarized the interactions between gut microorganisms, as well as the pathways by which they interact with the host via metabolites. Among the relationships between gut microorganisms, bacteria are one of the most studied microorganisms in the ecology of intestinal tract communities, and the main interactions among gut bacteria are neutral, symbiotic, competitive, and predatory. Neutral or beneficial interactions can be defined as symbiosis, and mutualistic symbiosis is a special mechanism of microbial interactions in which some microorganisms are able to provide each other with nutrients or survival conditions needed by the other and thus mutually benefit, e.g. E. coli in the gut ferment glucose to excrete organic acids to provide a carbon source for R. palustris, while R. palustris converts N2 to NH4+ to provide an essential nitrogen source for E. coli. Resistance interactions (including competition, mutualistic symbiosis and predation) also ...