Time-restricted eating reveals a “younger” immune system and reshapes the intestinal microbiome in human

作者：Yiran Chen, Xi Li, Ming Yang, Jia Chen, Zhenghao He, Suqing Zhou, Pinglang Ruan, Yikun Wang, Congli Tang, Wenjing Pan, Hai Long, Ming Zhao, Liwei Lu, Weijun Peng, Arne N. Akbar, I-Chen Wu, Song Li, Haijing Wu, Qianjin Lu · 发表于：Redox Biology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.redox.2024.103422 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Dietary Effects on Health、Circadian rhythm and melatonin、Diet and metabolism studies

Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been shown to extent lifespans in drosophila and mouse models by affecting metabolic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effect of TRE on the human immune system, especially on immunosenescence, intestinal microbiome, and metabolism remains unclear. We conducted a 30-day 16:8 TRE single-arm clinical trial with 49 participants. Participants consumed daily meals from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., provided by a nutrition canteen with a balanced, calorie-appropriate nutrition, which is designed by clinical nutritionists (ChiCTR2200058137). We monitored weight changes and weight-related parameters and focused on changes in the frequency of CD4 + senescent T cells, immune repertoire from peripheral blood, as well as serum metabolites and gut microbiota. We found that up to 95.9 % of subjects experienced sustained weight loss after TRE. The frequency of circulating senescent CD4 + T cells was decreased, while the frequency of Th1, Treg, Tfh-like, and B cells was increased. Regarding the immune repertoire, the proportions of T cell receptor alpha and beta chains were increased, whereas B cell receptor kappa and lambda chains were reduced. In addition, a reduced class switch recombination from immunoglobulin M (IgM) to immunoglobulin A (IgA) was observed. TRE upregulated the levels of anti-inflammatory and anti-aging serum metabolites named sphingosine-1-phosphate and prostaglandin-1. Additionally, several anti-inflammatory bacteria and probiotics were ...