A comprehensive evaluation on the associations between hearing and vision impairments and risk of all-cause and cause-specific dementia: results from cohort study, meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study

作者：Fan Jiang, Qiu‐Yue Dong, Sijia Wu, Xinhui Liu, Alimu Dayimu, Yingying Liu, Hong Ji, Le Wang, Tiemei Liu, Na Li, Xiaofei Li, Peipei Fu, Jing Qi, Chengchao Zhou, Hongkai Li, Lei Xu, Shanquan Chen, Haibo Wang · 发表于：BMC Medicine · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12916-024-03748-7 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics、Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation、Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies show inconsistent links between hearing/vision impairment and dementia risk. Using multisource data, we investigated how single or combined sensory impairments relate to risks of all-cause and specific types of dementia. METHODS: We employed a triangulation approach combining three methodologies. We analyzed 90,893 UK Biobank (UKB) adults to explore single and joint effects of hearing and vision impairments on all-cause and Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD) and non-AD non-VD (NAVD). A meta-analysis of prospective studies involving 937,908 participants provided stronger evidence. Finally, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association studies from UKB (361,194 participants) and FinnGen (412,181 participants) to validate relationships between sensory impairments and dementia occurrence. RESULTS: In the UKB cohort study, compared to participants with normal hearing, those in the mild and severe hearing impairment groups had progressively and significantly higher risk of all-cause dementia (mild: HR1.52, 95%CI 1.31-1.77; severe: HR1.80, 95%CI 1.36-2.38), AD (mild: HR1.63, 95%CI 1.30-2.04; severe: HR2.18, 95%CI 1.45-3.27), VD (mild: HR1.68, 95%CI 1.19-2.37; severe: HR1.47, 95%CI 1.22-1.78), and NAVD (mild: HR1.47, 95%CI 1.22-1.78; severe: HR1.98, 95%CI 1.43-2.75). Besides, vision impairment was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (HR1.55, 95%CI 1.18-2.04) and NAVD (HR1.51, 95%C...