Fish Snx27 promotes viral products by modulating the innate immune response and exosomal machinery

作者：Yepin Yu, Jiaxin Liu, Zhiwen Zhao, Xiaoming Lan, Linmiao Li, Junjie Hu, Zang Ying-an, Xiujuan Zhang, Jin‐Ping Chen · 发表于：Journal of Virology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1128/jvi.00974-24 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Aquaculture disease management and microbiota、interferon and immune responses、Extracellular vesicles in disease

ABSTRACT Viral nervous necrosis caused by the nervous necrosis virus (NNV) poses a significant threat to the global aquaculture industry. Developing preventive methods to minimize economic losses due to NNV infections is crucial. This study explored the role of the sorting nexin 27 ( Snx27 ) gene, encoded by the orange-spotted grouper ( Epinephelus coioides ) and referred to as EcSnx27 , as an immune regulator affecting red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection in vitro . Our findings revealed that EcSnx27 negatively regulates interferon (IFN)-related cytokines and the promoter activities of fish ISRE and NF-κB. Furthermore, we identified the SNX-FERM and SNX-FERM-like domains as responsible for the interaction between EcSnx27 and RGNNV coat protein. Through the detection of viable virions associated with EcSnx27 -containing exosomes, we propose that EcSnx27 may contribute to the release process of RGNNV by influencing the apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X (ALIX)-associated exosomal pathway. Consequently, our study suggests that EcSnx27 promotes RGNNV replication by inhibiting the IFN immune response and facilitating virus production and release through ALIX-mediated exosomal machinery. IMPORTANCE Red grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), a member of the Nodaviridae family, has emerged as a significant cause of fish diseases worldwide, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. This study investigated the sorting nexin 27 ( Snx27 ) gene en...