Predicting acute lung injury in infants with congenital heart disease after cardiopulmonary bypass by gut microbiota

作者：Lan Jiang, Yueshuang Cun, Qiang Wang, Kaiqin Wu, Menglong Hu, Zhen Wu, Tianyi Zhu, Zhaocong Yang, Nishant Patel, Xinyu Cai, Jirong Qi, Xuming Mo · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362040 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research、Orthopedic Infections and Treatments

Background Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious and common complication that occurs in children with congenital heart disease after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery, leading to higher mortality rates and poorer prognosis. Currently, there is no reliable predictive strategy for CPB-associated lung injury (CPB-ALI) in infants. Certain characteristics of the gut microbiota could potentially serve as biomarkers for predicting the development of CPB-ALI. Methods We conducted 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota in healthy controls and infants with CHD admitted to the hospital. The CHD infants were divided into CPB-ALI and non-ALI (CPB-NALI) groups based on postoperative outcomes. Bacterial functional pathway prediction analysis was performed using PIRCUSt2, and the gut microbiota composition associated with immune status was determined with heatmap. Random forest regression models and ROC curves were utilized to predict the occurrence of CPB-ALI. Results Our study revealed significantly different microbiota compositions among three groups (CON, CPB-ALI, and CPB-NALI). The microbiota diversity was low in the CPB-ALI group with high pathogen abundance and significant decrease in Bacteroides, while the opposite was observed in the CPB-NALI group. The microbiota dysbiosis index was high in the CPB-ALI group, with its dominant microbiota significantly associated with multiple metabolic pathways. Additionally, CPB-ALI patients showed high l...