Clade I mpox virus genomic diversity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2018–2024: Predominance of zoonotic transmission

作者：Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki, Adrienne Amuri-Aziza, Nicolas Fernandez-Nuñez, Jean-Claude Makangara-Cigolo, Catherine B. Pratt, Emmanuel Hasivirwe Vakaniaki, Nicole A. Hoff, Gradi Luakanda-Ndelemo, Prince Akil-Bandali, Sabin Sabiti Nundu, Noëlla Mulopo-Mukanya, Michel Ngimba, Brigitte Modadra-Madakpa, Ruth Diavita, Princesse Paku-Tshambu, Elisabeth Pukuta-Simbu, Sydney Merritt, Áine O’Toole, Nicola N Low, Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye, Hugo Kavunga‐Membo, Robert Shongo Lushima, Laurens Liesenborghs, Tony Wawina-Bokalanga, Koen Vercauteren, Daniel Mukadi‐Bamuleka, Lorenzo Subissi, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Jason Kindrachuk, Ahidjo Ayouba, Andrew Rambaut, Éric Delaporte, Sofonias Kifle Tessema, Éric D’Ortenzio, Anne W. Rimoin, Lisa E. Hensley, Placide Mbala Kingebeni, Martine Peeters, Steve Ahuka‐Mundeke · 发表于：Cell · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.cell.2024.10.017 · 被引用次数：108 · 研究领域：Poxvirus research and outbreaks、Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research、Rabies epidemiology and control

Recent reports raise concerns on the changing epidemiology of mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). High-quality genomes were generated for 337 patients from 14/26 provinces to document whether the increase in number of cases is due to zoonotic spillover events or viral evolution, with enrichment of APOBEC3 mutations linked to human adaptation. Our study highlights two patterns of transmission contributing to the source of human cases. All new sequences from the eastern South Kivu province (n = 17; 4.8%) corresponded to the recently described clade Ib, associated with sexual contact and sustained human-to-human transmission. By contrast, all other genomes are clade Ia, which exhibits high genetic diversity with low numbers of APOBEC3 mutations compared with clade Ib, suggesting multiple zoonotic introductions. The presence of multiple clade I variants in urban areas highlights the need for coordinated international response efforts and more studies on the transmission and the reservoir of mpox.