Genomic selection and genetic architecture of agronomic traits during modern flowering Chinese cabbage breeding

作者：Yahui Zhao, Guangguang Li, Zhangsheng Zhu, Meichun Hu, Ding Jiang, Muxi Chen, J. M. Wang, Kexin Zhang, Yansong Zheng, Yi Liao, Changming Chen · 发表于：Horticulture Research · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1093/hr/uhae299 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals、Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics、Plant Molecular Biology Research

genus. Originally native to South China, it is now widely cultivated and consumed across the globe, particularly in Asian countries. The recent cultivation and regional expansion of flowering Chinese cabbage provides a valuable opportunity to elucidate the genomic basis underlying environmental adaptation and desired traits during a short-term artificial selection process. Here, we investigate the genetic variation, population structure, and diversity of a diverse germplasm collection of 403 flowering Chinese cabbage accessions. Our investigation seeks to elucidate the genomic basis that guides the selection of adaptability, yield, and pivotal agronomic traits. We further investigated breeding improvement associated with stem development by integrating transcriptome data. Genome-wide association analysis identified 642 loci and corresponding candidate genes associated with 11 essential agronomic traits, including plant architecture and yield. Furthermore, we uncovered a significant disparity in the allele frequency distribution of nonsynonymous mutations in these candidate genes throughout the improvement stages. Our results shed light on the genetic basis of improvement and crucial agronomic traits in flowering Chinese cabbage, offering invaluable resources for upcoming genomics-assisted breeding endeavors.