Re-emergence of Oropouche virus between 2023 and 2024 in Brazil: an observational epidemiological study

作者：Gabriel C Scachetti, Julia Forato, Ingra Morales Claro, Xinyi Hua, Bárbara Batista Salgado, Aline Vieira, Camila L. Simeoni, Aguyda R C Barbosa, Italo L. Rosa, Gabriela Fabiano de Souza, Luana C. N. Fernandes, Ana Carla H. de Sena, Samille Marques Fontoura de Oliveira, Carolina Mercedes Laurent Singh, Shirlene Telmos Silva de Lima, Ronaldo de Jesus, Mariana Araújo Costa, Rodrigo Bentes Kato, Josilene F Rocha, Leandro C Santos, Janete Taynã Nascimento Rodrigues, Marielton dos Passos Cunha, Éster Cerdeira Sabino, Nuno R. Faria, Scott C. Weaver, Camila Malta Romano, Pritesh Lalwani, José Luiz Proença‐Módena, William Marciel de Souza · 发表于：The Lancet Infectious Diseases · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00619-4 · 被引用次数：129 · 研究领域：Viral Infections and Vectors、Vector-Borne Animal Diseases、Mosquito-borne diseases and control

Background Oropouche virus is an arthropod-borne virus that has caused outbreaks of Oropouche fever in central and South America since the 1950s. This study investigates virological factors contributing to the re-emergence of Oropouche fever in Brazil between 2023 and 2024. Methods In this observational epidemiological study, we combined multiple data sources for Oropouche virus infections in Brazil and conducted in-vitro and in-vivo characterisation. We collected serum samples obtained in Manaus City, Amazonas state, Brazil, from patients with acute febrile illnesses aged 18 years or older who tested negative for malaria and samples from people with previous Oropouche virus infection from Coari municipality, Amazonas state, Brazil. Basic clinical and demographic data were collected from the Brazilian Laboratory Environment Management System. We calculated the incidence of Oropouche fever cases with data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the 2022 Brazilian population census and conducted age–sex analyses. We used reverse transcription quantitative PCR to test for Oropouche virus RNA in samples and subsequently performed sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of viral isolates. We compared the phenotype of the 2023–24 epidemic isolate (AM0088) with the historical prototype strain BeAn19991 through assessment of titre, plaque number, and plaque size. We used a plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT 50 ) to assess the susceptibility of the novel isolate and BeAn19991 i...