Targeting Hypoxia and Autophagy Inhibition via Delivering Sonodynamic Nanoparticles With HIF‐2α Inhibitor for Enhancing Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma

作者：Yihao Zhu, Yajian Li, Xu‐Wen Li, Yuan Yu, Lingpu Zhang, Hanchen Zhang, Can Chen, Dong Chen, Mingshuai Wang, Nianzeng Xing, Feiya Yang, Wasilijiang Wahafu, Xiongjun Ye · 发表于：Advanced Healthcare Materials · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/adhm.202402973 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics、Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers、Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism

Abstract Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) therapy stands as the first‐line treatment option for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, its effectiveness is hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) generates tumor cell fragments that can prime the host's antitumor immunity. Nevertheless, the hypoxic microenvironment and upregulated autophagy following SDT often lead to cancer cell resistance. In response to these challenges, a hypoxia‐responsive polymer (Poly(4,4′‐azobisbenzenemethanol‐PMDA)‐mPEG 5k , P‐APm) encapsulating both a HIF‐2α inhibitor (belzutifan) and the ultrasonic sensitize (Chlorin e6, Ce6) is designed, to create the nanoparticle APm/Ce6/HIF. APm/Ce6/HIF combined with ultrasound (US) significantly suppresses tumor growth and activates antitumor immunity in vivo. Moreover, this treatment effectively transforms the immunosuppressive microenvironment from “immune‐cold” to “immune‐hot”, thereby enhancing the response to ICBs therapy. The findings indicate that APm/Ce6/HIF offers a synergistic approach combining targeted therapy with immunotherapy, providing new possibilities for treating RCC.