Early life air pollution exposures and thyroid function in children: A prospective cohort study

作者：You Joung Heo, Yun Jeong Lee, Yun Jeong Lee, Soon Tae Kim, Dong‐Wook Lee, Johanna Inhyang Kim, Bung-Nyun Kim, Yun Chul Hong, Choong Ho Shin, Young Ah Lee, Young Ah Lee, Youn Hee Lim · 发表于：Environmental Pollution · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125092 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Air Quality and Health Impacts、Climate Change and Health Impacts、Energy and Environment Impacts

Studies on early life ambient air pollution exposures and childhood thyroid function are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between early life fine particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm; PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) exposures and thyroid function in children. We measured the levels of thyrotropin, triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine in children (n = 684) residing in a rural Korean area at age 2, 4, 6, or 8 years from 2012 to 2020 in the Environment and Development of Children cohort. The relationship between residential average exposure levels of PM 2.5 and NO 2 during pregnancy and 1-year average levels before visit and thyroid function during childhood were analyzed. Inverse association between increases of 10 μg/m 3 in PM 2.5 during the first trimester and thyrotropin levels at aged 4 (β, -0.12; 95% CI: -0.22, -0.02) and 6 years (β, -0.16; 95% CI: -0.26, -0.06) were observed. No association was found between PM 2.5 exposure during the second and third trimester and childhood TSH levels. Childhood PM 2.5 exposure was positively associated with thyrotropin rise at aged 4 (β, 0.2; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.35) and 6 years (β, 0.16; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.29) and inversely related with free thyroxine levels at aged 8 years (β, -0.04; 95% CI: -0.07, -0.01). No relationship between NO 2 exposure and thyroid function was found. In conclusion, association between PM2exposure and childhood thyrotropin levels varied depending on exposure timing. Early gestational exposure showed...