Antibiotic resistance in urban soils: Dynamics and mitigation strategies

作者：Annamaria Gentile, Luca Di Stasio, Gianmaria Oliva, Giovanni Vigliottá, Angela Cicatelli, Francesco Guarino, Werther Guidi Nissim, Massimo Labra, Stefano Castiglione · 发表于：Environmental Research · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.envres.2024.120120 · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts、Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies、Antibiotic Use and Resistance

Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a critical global health issue with significant clinical and economic implications. AR occurs when microorganisms develop mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotics, reducing treatment efficacy and increasing the risk of mortality and healthcare costs. While the connection between antibiotic use in clinical and agricultural settings and the emergence of AR is well-established, the role of urban soils as reservoirs and spreaders of AR is underexplored. This review examines the complex dynamics of AR in urban soils, highlighting the various sources of antibiotics, including domestic wastewater, industrial effluents, urban agricultural practices, but also microplastics and domestic animal excrements. The selective pressure exerted by these anthropogenic sources promotes the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly through horizontal gene transfer, which facilitates the transmission of resistance genes among soil microorganisms in urban environments. About that, the presence of antibiotics in urban soils poses a significant threat to public health by potentially transferring resistance genes to human pathogens through multiple pathways, including direct contact, food consumption, and water ingestion. Furthermore, AR in urban soils disrupts microbial community dynamics, impacting soil fertility, plant growth, and overall environmental quality. Therefore, this review aims to address gaps in understanding AR in urban soils, o...