Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) in Anti-Aging: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Findings

作者：Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi, Natarajan Sisubalan, Shucai Wang, Periyanaina Kesika, Chaiyavat Chaiyasut · 发表于：Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.2174/0113895575331878240924035332 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Tea Polyphenols and Effects、Tryptophan and brain disorders

Green tea (GT) is rich in phyto-active compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epicatechin (EC), catechin, and tannic acid, which exhibit synergistic effects when combined. Preclinical studies demonstrate that GT and its compounds can reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhance antioxidant capacity, and alleviate aging-related issues such as memory impairments, cognitive decline, and shortened lifespan. Clinical trials corroborate the efficacy of topical GT formulations in improving skin tone, texture, and elasticity and reducing wrinkles. The present manuscript summarizes the recent update on the anti-aging potential of GT and its possible mechanisms. The literature survey suggests that GT consumption is linked to improved cognition, reduced depression levels, and activation of pathways in model organisms like C. elegans. Additionally, tea polyphenols enhance fibroblast mitophagy, boost hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rodents, and mitigate age-related cognitive decline. Moreover, EGCG exhibits anti-aging properties by reducing TNF-induced MMP-1 expression, suppressing ERK signaling, and inhibiting MEK and Src phosphorylation in human dermal fibroblasts. In the context of skin permeation and deposition, optimized transfersomal formulation (TF) incorporating EGCG and hyaluronic acid (HA) demonstrates significantly increased skin permeation and deposition of EGCG compared to plain EGCG. Furthermore, EGCG protect...