Effects of Elevated CO2 and O3 on Aboveground Brassicaceous Plant–Insect Interactions

作者：Jacqueline C. Bede, James D. Blande · 发表于：Annual Review of Entomology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1146/annurev-ento-022024-015159 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Plant responses to elevated CO2、Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols

Atmospheric gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and ozone (O 3 ), influence plant–insect interactions, with variable effects. The few studies that have investigated the direct effects of elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ; 750–900 ppm) or elevated O 3 (eO 3 ; 60–200 ppb) on insects have shown mixed results. Instead, most research has focused on the indirect effects through changes in the host plant. In general, the lower nitrogen levels in C3 brassicaceous plants grown at eCO 2 negatively affect insects and may result in compensatory feeding. Phytohormones involved in plant resistance may be altered by eCO 2 or eO 3 . For example, stress-related jasmonate levels, which lead to induced resistance against chewing herbivores, are weakened at eCO 2 . In general, eCO 2 does not affect herbivore-induced plant volatiles, which remain attractive to natural enemies. However, floral volatiles and herbivore-induced plant volatiles may be degraded by O 3 , affecting pollination and foraging natural enemy behavior. Thus, eCO 2 and eO 3 alter plant–insect interactions; however, many aspects remain poorly understood.