The role of p21 in cellular senescence and aging-related diseases

作者：Jiayu Yan, Siyi Chen, Zimei Yi, Ruowen Zhao, Jiayu Zhu, Ding Shuwen, Junhua Wu · 发表于：Molecules and Cells · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100113 · 被引用次数：144 · 研究领域：Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence、Cancer-related Molecular Pathways、Epigenetics and DNA Methylation

During the aging process or disease progression, normal cells and tissues in the body undergo various stresses, leading to cell damage and the need for repair, adaptation, apoptosis, or defense responses. Cellular senescence is a key player in this process, influencing the rate of aging and disease progression. It can be triggered by different stress factors, resulting in irreversible cell cycle arrest and functional decline. Senescent cells often show high expression of cell cycle factors such as p21 and p16, which are involved in cell cycle arrest. p16 has long been recognized as a significant marker of aging. Recent evidence suggests that p21 high cells and p16 high cells represent distinct cell populations in terms of cell type, tissue location, accumulation kinetics, and physiological functions. This article focuses on recent advancements in understanding p21-dependent cellular senescence. It starts by providing an overview of the role of p21 in 3 primary cellular senescence phenotypes where it plays a crucial role. It then delves into the pathogenesis of diseases closely linked to p21-dependent cellular senescence, particularly metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The article also discusses progress in p21-related animal models and outlines strategies for utilizing p21 to intervene in cellular senescence by delaying aging, eliminating senescent cells, and rejuvenating senescent cells. This review systematically examines the pathogenesis of p21-dependent cell...