Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor: mechanisms and advances in therapy

作者：Zhikai Zheng, Zong Yao, Yiyang Ma, Yuchen Tian, Yidan Pang, Changqing Zhang, Junjie Gao · 发表于：Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1038/s41392-024-01931-z · 被引用次数：901 · 研究领域：Diabetes Treatment and Management、Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer、Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment

The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor, known as GLP-1R, is a vital component of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and is found primarily on the surfaces of various cell types within the human body. This receptor specifically interacts with GLP-1, a key hormone that plays an integral role in regulating blood glucose levels, lipid metabolism, and several other crucial biological functions. In recent years, GLP-1 medications have become a focal point in the medical community due to their innovative treatment mechanisms, significant therapeutic efficacy, and broad development prospects. This article thoroughly traces the developmental milestones of GLP-1 drugs, from their initial discovery to their clinical application, detailing the evolution of diverse GLP-1 medications along with their distinct pharmacological properties. Additionally, this paper explores the potential applications of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in fields such as neuroprotection, anti-infection measures, the reduction of various types of inflammation, and the enhancement of cardiovascular function. It provides an in-depth assessment of the effectiveness of GLP-1RAs across multiple body systems-including the nervous, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and digestive systems. This includes integrating the latest clinical trial data and delving into potential signaling pathways and pharmacological mechanisms. The primary goal of this article is to emphasize the extensive benefits of using GL...