Unveiling the potential of novel Metschnikowia yeast biosurfactants: triggering oxidative stress for promising antifungal and anticancer activity

作者：Sumeeta Kumari, Alka Kumari, Asmita Dhiman, Kanti N. Mihooliya, Manoj Raje, G. S. Prasad, Anil Kumar Pinnaka · 发表于：Microbial Cell Factories · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s12934-024-02489-9 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants、ATP Synthase and ATPases Research、Microbial metabolism and enzyme function

BACKGROUND: Sophorolipids are glycolipid biosurfactants with potential antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer applications, rendering them promising for research. Therefore, this study hypothesizes that sophorolipids may have a notable impact on disrupting membrane integrity and triggering the production of reactive oxygen species, ultimately resulting in the eradication of pathogenic microbes. RESULTS: The current study resulted in the isolation of two Metschnikowia novel yeast strains. Sophorolipids production from these strains reached maximum yields of 23.24 g/l and 21.75 g/l, respectively, at the bioreactors level. Biosurfactants sophorolipids were characterized using FTIR and LC-MS techniques and found to be a mixture of acidic and lactonic forms with molecular weights of m/z 678 and 700. Our research elucidated sophorolipids' mechanism in disrupting bacterial and fungal membranes through ROS generation, confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and FACS analysis. The results showed that these compounds disrupted the membrane integrity and induced ROS production, leading to cell death in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Fusarium solani. In addition, the anticancer properties of sophorolipids were investigated on the A549 lung cancer cell line and found that sophorolipid-11D (SL-11D) and sophorolipid-11X (SL-11X) disrupted the actin cytoskeleton, as evidenced by immunofluorescence microscopy. The A549 cells were stained with Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide, which showed...