Comprehensive modulatory effects of whole grain consumption on immune-mediated inflammation in middle-aged and elderly community residents: A real-world randomized controlled trial

作者：Cheng Li, Yaru Li, Nan Wang, Zhiwen Ge, Jia Wang, Bingjie Ding, Yanxia Bi, Yuxia Wang, Yisi Wang, Zebin Peng, Xinli Yang, Congcong Wang, Zhongxin Hong · 发表于：Redox Biology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.redox.2024.103337 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Nutrition and Health in Aging、GDF15 and Related Biomarkers、Nutritional Studies and Diet

Whole grain consumption is widely recognized as a vital component of a balanced diet. Dietary fiber has been well-documented to play a crucial role in these health benefits attributed to whole grain intake. However, population-based evidence directly linking whole grain consumption to anti-inflammatory effects, especially in the context of immune-mediated inflammation, remains limited. We hypothesized that whole grain consumption promotes health by modulating immune-mediated inflammation. This study was designed as a real-world, population-based randomized controlled trial. We compared the effects of whole grain versus refined grain consumption on immune-mediated inflammation through staple food substitution, while participants maintained their usual dietary practices. The results demonstrated that whole grain consumption significantly reduced circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-22 and IL-23 compared to refined grain consumption. These reductions were associated with optimized short-chain fatty acid profiles and changes in CD4 + T cell subset distributions. The findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of whole grain consumption in middle-aged and elderly populations are mediated by targeting specific CD4 + T cell subsets, in addition to modulating both upstream short-chain fatty acid composition and downstream expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-22 and IL-23. • In this investigation, we employed a method of substituting staple foods to e...