Dynamic Simulation of Rock‐Avalanche Fragmentation

作者：Shiva P. Pudasaini, Martin Mergili, Qiwen Lin, Yufeng Wang · 发表于：Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1029/2024jf007689 · 被引用次数：16 · 研究领域：Landslides and related hazards、Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering、Rock Mechanics and Modeling

Abstract Fragmentation is a common phenomenon in complex rock‐avalanches. The fragmentation intensity and process determines exceptional spreading of such mass movements. However, studies focusing on the simulation of fragmentation are still limited and no operational dynamic simulation model of fragmentation has been proposed yet. By enhancing the mechanically controlled landslide deformation model (Pudasaini & Mergili, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jf007466 ), we propose a novel, unified dynamic simulation method for rock‐avalanche fragmentation. The model includes three important aspects: mechanically controlled rock mass deformation, momentum loss while the rock mass fiercely impacts the ground, and the energy transfer during fragmentation resulting in the generation of dispersive lateral pressure. We reveal that the dynamic fragmentation, resulting from the overcoming of the tensile strength by the impact on the ground, leads to enhanced spreading, thinning, run‐out and hypermobility of rock‐avalanches. Thereby, the elastic strain energy release caused by fragmentation becomes an important process. Energy conversion between the front and rear parts caused by the fragmentation results in the enhanced forward movement of the front and hindered motion of the rear of the rock‐avalanche. The new model describes this by amplifying the lateral pressure gradient in the opposite direction: enhanced for the frontal particles and reduced for the rear particles after the fra...