Simultaneously Controlling Inflammation and Infection by Smart Nanomedicine Responding to the Inflammatory Microenvironment

作者：Xinjing Lv, Jie Min, Jie Huang, Hairong Wang, Wei Song, Chenxiao Huang, Jianfeng Dai, Zhengrong Chen, Huiting Zhou, Yunyun Xu, He Zhao, Zhuang Liu, Jian Wang · 发表于：Advanced Science · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/advs.202403934 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics、Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms、Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis

Abstract The overactivated immune cells in the infectious lesion may lead to irreversible organ damages under severe infections. However, clinically used immunosuppressive anti‐inflammatory drugs will usually disturb immune homeostasis and conversely increase the risk of infections. Regulating the balance between anti‐inflammation and anti‐infection is thus critical in treating certain infectious diseases. Herein, considering that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and neutrophils are upregulated in the inflammatory microenvironment and closely related to the severity of appendectomy patients, an inflammatory‐microenvironment‐responsive nanomedicine is designed by using poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles to load chlorine E6 (Ce6), a photosensitizer, and luminal (Lum), a chemiluminescent agent. The obtained Lum/Ce6@PLGA nanoparticles, being non‐toxic within normal physiological environment, can generate cytotoxic single oxygen via bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in the inflammatory microenvironment with upregulated H2O2 and MPO, simultaneously killing pathogens and excessive inflammatory immune cells in the lesion, without disturbing immune homeostasis. As evidenced in various clinically relevant bacterial infection models and virus‐induced pneumonia, Lum/Ce6@PLGA nanoparticles appeared to be rather effective in controlling both infection and inflammation, resulting in significantly improved animal survival. Therefore, the BRET‐ba...