Decoding the Foodome: Molecular Networks Connecting Diet and Health

作者：Giulia Menichetti, Albert-László Barabási, Joseph Loscalzo · 发表于：Annual Review of Nutrition · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1146/annurev-nutr-062322-030557 · 被引用次数：25 · 研究领域：Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease、Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling、Nutritional Studies and Diet

Diet, a modifiable risk factor, plays a pivotal role in most diseases, from cardiovascular disease to type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and obesity. However, our understanding of the mechanistic role of the chemical compounds found in food remains incomplete. In this review, we explore the "dark matter" of nutrition, going beyond the macro- and micronutrients documented by national databases to unveil the exceptional chemical diversity of food composition. We also discuss the need to explore the impact of each compound in the presence of associated chemicals and relevant food sources and describe the tools that will allow us to do so. Finally, we discuss the role of network medicine in understanding the mechanism of action of each food molecule. Overall, we illustrate the important role of network science and artificial intelligence in our ability to reveal nutrition's multifaceted role in health and disease.