Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants

作者：Rabia Maqsood, LaRinda A. Holland, Lily I. Wu, Emily R. Begnel, Judith Adhiambo, Prestone Owiti, Bhavna Chohan, Soren Gantt, John Kinuthia, Dalton Wamalwa, Ednah Ojee, Barbra A. Richardson, Jennifer A. Slyker, Dara A. Lehman, Efrem S. Lim · 发表于：Gut Microbes · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1080/19490976.2024.2394248 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Epigenetics and DNA Methylation、HIV Research and Treatment

Microbiome perturbations can have long-term effects on health. The dynamics of the gut microbiome and virome in women living with HIV (WLHIV) and their newborn infants is poorly understood. Here, we performed metagenomic sequencing analyses on longitudinal stool samples including 23 mothers (13 WLHIV, 10 HIV-negative) and 12 infants that experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection with mild disease, as well as 40 mothers (18 WLHIV, 22 HIV-negative) and 60 infants that remained SARS-CoV-2 seronegative throughout the study follow-up. Regardless of HIV or SARS-CoV-2 status, maternal bacterial and viral profiles were distinct from infants. Using linear mixed effects models, we showed that the microbiome alpha diversity trajectory was not significantly different between SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and seronegative women. However, seropositive women’s positive trajectory while uninfected was abruptly reversed after SARS-CoV-2 infection (p = 0.015). Gut virome signatures of women were not associated with SARS-CoV-2. Alterations in infant microbiome and virome diversities were generally not impacted by SARS-CoV-2 but were rather driven by development. We did not find statistically significant interactions between HIV and SARS-CoV-2 on the gut microbiome and virome. Overall, our study provides insights into the complex interplay between maternal and infant bacterial microbiome, virome, and the influence of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV status.