Characterizing Long COVID in Children and Adolescents

作者：Rachel S. Gross, Tanayott Thaweethai, Lawrence C. Kleinman, Jessica Snowden, Erika B. Rosenzweig, Joshua D. Milner, Kelan G. Tantisira, Kyung E. Rhee, Terry L. Jernigan, Patricia A. Kinser, Amy L. Salisbury, David Warburton, Sindhu Mohandas, John C. Wood, Jane W. Newburger, Dongngan T. Truong, Valerie J. Flaherman, Torri D. Metz, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Lori B. Chibnik, Deepti Pant, Aparna Krishnamoorthy, Richard Gallagher, Michelle F. Lamendola-Essel, Denise Hasson, Stuart D. Katz, H. Shonna Yin, Benard P. Dreyer, Megan Carmilani, Krista Coombs, Megan L. Fitzgerald, Nick Güthe, Mady Hornig, Rebecca Letts, Aimee K. Peddie, Brittany D. Taylor, Andrea S. Foulkes, Melissa S. Stockwell, RECOVER-Pediatrics Group Authors, Venkataraman Balaraman, Amanda Bogie, Hülya Bükülmez, Allen J. Dozor, Daniel Eckrich, Amy J. Elliott, Danielle N. Evans, Jonathan S. Farkas, E. Vincent S. Faustino, Laura Fischer, Sunanda Gaur, Ashraf S. Harahsheh, Uzma Hasan, Daniel S. Hsia, Gredia Huerta-Montañez, Kathy D. Hummel, Matt P. Kadish, David C. Kaelber, Sankaran Krishnan, Jessica S. Kosut, Jerry Larrabee, Peter Paul Lim, Ian C. Michelow, Carlos R. Oliveira, Hengameh Raissy, Zaira Rosario-Pabón, Judith L. Ross, Alice I. Sato, Michelle D. Stevenson, Maria M. Talavera‐Barber, Ronald J. Teufel, Kathryn Weakley, Emily Zimmerman, Marie‐Abèle Bind, James Chan, Zoe Guan, Richard E. Morse, Harrison T. Reeder, Natascha Akshoomoff, Judy L. Aschner, Rakesh Bhattacharjee, Lesley Cottrell, Kelly Cowan, Viren D’Sa, Alexander G. Fiks, Maria L. Gennaro, Katherine Irby, Manaswitha Khare, Jeremy Landeo Guttierrez, Russell J. McCulloh, Shalu Narang, Manette Ness- Cochinwala, Sheila M. Nolan, Paul Palumbo, Julie Ryu, Juan C. Salazar, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Cheryl R. Stein, Alan Werzberger, William T. Zempsky, Robin L. Aupperle, Fiona C. Baker, Marie T. Banich, Deanna M. Barch, Arielle Baskin–Sommers, James M. Bjork, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Sandra A. Brown, B.J. Casey, Linda Chang, Duncan B. Clark, Anders M. Dale, Mirella Dapretto, Thomas M. Ernst, Damien A. Fair, Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, John J. Foxe, Edward G. Freedman, Naomi P. Friedman, Hugh Garavan, Dylan G. Gee, Raúl González, Kevin M. Gray, Mary M. Heitzeg, Megan M. Herting, Joanna Jacobus, Angela R. Laird, Christine L. Larson, Krista M. Lisdahl, Mónica Luciana, Beatríz Luna, Pamela A.F. Madden, Erin McGlade, Eva M. Müller‐Oehring, Bonnie J. Nagel, Michael C. Neale, Martin P. Paulus, Alexandra Potter, Perry F. Renshaw, Elizabeth R. Sowell, Lindsay M. Squeglia, Susan Tapert, Lucina Q. Uddin, Sylia Wilson, Deborah A. Yurgelun-Todd, Jessica Snowden, Paul M. Darden, Lexie Dixon, Amal Ahmed, Connor Garbe, Laura Hobart‐Porter, Almary Akerlundh, Howard Lee, Kathy D. Hummel, Hannah Krehbiel, Haley Spradlin, P A Yount, Akram N. Alshawabkeh, Judith L. Ross, C A McDevitt, Daniel Eckrich, Brett R. Anderson, Chijoke Ikomi, Cheyenne Katz, Danielle Katz, Judy L. Aschner, Karen Kowal, Marisa Meyer, Andy Atz, Andrew M. Atz, Connie Nguyen, Gwen Pellicciotti, Thao-Ly T. Phan, Karen Ravin, Victoria W. Reynolds, Fiona C. Baker, Annette Baker, Abigail Strang, Deepika Thacker, Annabelle Goetter, Dithi Banerjee, Deanna M. Barch, JoAnn Cheung, Travis K.F. Hong, Shanelle Kalua, Evan Minami, Andrea Siu, Micah Tong, Baylea Albarado, Tracey Allen, Allison Attuso, Taylor N. Ayers, Emily Bebler, Grace Bella, Alexa Bennett, John Brown, Ryan Brown, Alexis Brown, Sandra A. Brown, A Carville, James M. Bjork, Sydnie Darby, Kara Devall, Amber Dragg, Angela Elderedge, Elisabeth Fontenot, Greta Fry, B. Gildersleeve, Sara Goff, Lauren Harrington, Jackie Boyd, Lisa Jones, Victoria Kaiser, C. Kaiser, Yejee Lee, Stephen Lee, Donna Lee, Erin LeJeune, Robert Leonhard, Jennifer Levatino, Natalie C. Buchbinder, Donald H. Lewis, Angrielle Lloyd, Ron Monce, Susannah Munro, Meghan Phillips, Blair Pucheu, Emily Rachal, Jennifer Rood, Stacey Roussel, Renee Rumsey, Connor Sanford, Virginia Casey, Mônica de Oliveira Santos, Melissa Santos, A. Stafford, Norma Castro, A. Thomassie, C. Waguespack, Katherine Walgamotte, Meredith Welch, Aubrey Windham, Michelle D. Stevenson, Lindsey Stevenson, Tiffany Bell, Liz Bell, Soham Dasgupta, Sarah Deans, Katie Harris, Donna Harris, Lori Harris, Molly Hemmerle, Sarah King, Cameo McGuire, Maryanne Chrisant, Brie Merten, Sarah Morris, Madison Ray, Brooklyn Reinhardt, Katelynne Clark, Duncan B. Clark, Shellese Shemwell, Theresa Simeon, Katherine Walker, Katharine N. Clouser, Sara Watson, Tom Connors, Kathryn Weakley, Russell J. McCulloh, Johnathon Figliomeni, John P. Costello, Laura Gamboa, Lesley Cottrell, Megan Morse, Aleisha M. Nabower, Evan Roberts, Alice I. Sato, Kari Simonsen, Caroline Cummins, Joann Von Bon, Denise M. Hoover, Viren D’Sa, S Dabney, Marie-Christine Fahrner, Torrey L. Gallagher, Karilyn Martini, Mary McNally, Sarah Vivensi Stiverson, David A. Archuleta, Rebecca Brito, Richard H. Campbell, Jude Chavez, Sonia Chavez, Walter Dehority, Noelle Garcia-Soberanez, Eve G. Gronert, Matthew Kadish, Debbie M. Lovato, Karen Luo, Noah I. Martinez, Analyse Merlino, Maricela Diaz, Marcus Sterling, Sarah Ward, Emily Ward, Audrey Dionne, Kevin Wilson, Gina Fergeson, Allen J. Dozor, Brittany Karfonta, Ryan S McKee, Tiffany A. Moore, Valorie Owens, Sarah H. Stubbs, Timothy M. VanWagoner, Matthew D. Elias, Timothy R. Walsh, Genesis Agosto Roman, Amy Elliott, Ishwara Ayala Ortíz, José F. Cordero, Jocelyn De Jesus, Crystal Galan, Nilda Otero, Mayra Rivera Robles, Vince Faustino, Priscilla Roman, Genesis Agosto Roman, Alexander G. Fiks, Alex Fiks, Xiodenis Santiago, Carmen M. Vélez-Vega, Carlos Vergara, Marina Dantas, Tyler Kasmarcak, Daniel Forsha, Kreighton Milks, John J. Foxe, Grace Adam, Rebecca Andrew, Edward G. Freedman, Jyoti Angal, Maria Barber, Shelby Cerkovnik, Clayton Dos Reis, Christa Friedrich, Carolina García, Sergio Garcia, Sonia García, Kellie Geigle, R K Gyasi, Dylan G. Gee, Christine W. Hockett, Maria Laura Gennaro, Rachel Johannsen, Emily Johnson, Madison Johnson, Paige Johnson, Jennifer M. Lang, Sean M. Lang, Peter Paul Lim, Meggie McCoy, Lorie Miler, Jessica Seiler, Bret Sundleaf, Nic Torbert, Billy Trosper, Jaime Werpy, Kevin M. Gray, Scott Young, Laurie Chassereau, Thomas Lahiri, Katherine Rampone, Lauren Lake, Kathy Moffett, Emily Polak, Sarah Stutler, Charlotte Workman, David Warburton, Sindhu Mohandas, John C. Wood, Karen Hasbani, Rosalba Cain, Emma Carpenter, Samantha Mejia, Andrew C. Heath, Nelly Moghadam, Candice Mulder, Sharon O’Neil, Adrian Rios, Sydney Rosen, Natayla Seals, Christina M. Hester, Andrea L. Smith, Paulette Smith, Deeba Tabibi, Anthony Hill, Joshua D. Milner, Erika B. Rosenzweig, Melissa S. Stockwell, Tawanda Aquino, Elizabeth Berg, Steve Caddle, Marina Catallozzi, Wendy Chung, Anthony Chung, Aliva De, Anny Diaz Perez, Michael P. DiLorenzo, Dani Dumitriu, Kanwal M. Farooqi, Michael A. Fremed, Sylvie Goldman, Kayla Kaplan, Usha Krishnan, Anita Krishnan, Aimee M. Layton, Angela Lignelli‐Dipple, Son McClaren, Jonathan B. Overdevest, Michelle Rodriguez, Jay Selman, Wendy G. Silver, Terry L. Jernigan, Raul Silverio, Ana Valdez de Romero, Celibell Vargas, Crystal Vargas, Daniella Caputo, Camille Leggieri, Pamela Pretsch, Lawrence C. Kleinman, L. Cerracchio, Amber Folnagy, David C. Kaelber, Sherri Gzemski, Yue Hao, Simon Li, Sandee Moroso, Akhil Patel, Benjamin Richlin, Harsh Sharma, Damaris Soto, Eugenia Kim, Doyeon Kim, Christian Suarez, Maira Suarez, Bibiana Vargas Forero, Patricia A. Kinser, Emily Bean, Matthew J. Kluko, Carlie Defelice, Hassan El Chebib, Katherine W. Herbst, Stephanie Lesmes, Noah Schulman, Wilson D. Pace, Alicia Brooks-Greien, Karinne Colin, Ariadna Juarez-Colunga, Angela R. Laird, Brian Manning, Joel Shields, Jack Westfall, Daphne York, Lynn Olson, Christine L. Larson, Kristin Davis, Miranda Griffith, Everly Conway de Macario, Jennifer Steffes, Alessandra Torres, Justine Griswold, Amanda Nowakowski, Maryellen Riordan, Krista M. Lisdahl, Rozina Aamir, Mohammed Abuzahrieh, Iris Liu, Wendy Dalton, Suzanne Fortuna, Judi Minium, Bonnie Rosolowski, Sheila M. Nolan, Suzanne Braniecki, Elizabeth H. Mack, Montserrat Contreras, Supriya Jain, Suzanne Kaseta, Zachary Messer, Armando Varela-Ramı́rez, Aalok R. Singh, Gautam Singh, Randy WIlliams, Uzma Hasan, Elizabeth Ricciardi, Vanessa Trespalacios, Yvonne Carter, Brian W. McCrindle, Kelsye Howell, Megan Mains, Trina Regis, Kelan G. Tantisira, Kelan G. Tantisira, Kyung E. Rhee, Kyung E. Rhee, Megan Warner, Jeremy Landeo Gutierrez, Elizabeth Mitchell, Natacha Akshoomoff, Ileana Matta, Cinthia Sanchez, Cinthia E. Sanchez, Maria Arroyo, Bryant Y. Chao, Bryant Y. Chao, Margarita Holguin, Sofia Reyes, Wendy Barrientos, Guadalupe Gomez, Trinidad Herrera, Elizabeth Kiernan, Andrea Schreck, Mike Neale, Jane W. Newburger, Janelle Celso, Lizbeth Franco, Shawn O’Connor, M. Rosie Glenn-Arroyo, Jeremy Gutierrez, Matt Oster, M. Katie Joskowitz, Christine Moran, David W. Pyatt, Lisa Ramos Vallej, Martin P. Paulus, Argelinda Baroni, Thomas Dylan Castro Ovalle, Jonathan S. Farkas, Maria Isidoro-Chino, Deniz Kesebir, Ashley Quarless, Sarwat Siddiqui, Alexandra Potter, Ranjini Srinivasan, Moriah E. Thomason, Phoebe Burton, Rosa Cano-Lorente, Stephanie Wehbe, Amy L. Salisbury, Jocelyn Espinoza, Abby Espinoza, Sara Moyer, Amy Rider, Sally Russell, Mark W. Russell, Michael Schecter, Suchitra Rao, Anders M. Dale, José Aguilar, David C. Benjamin, Brandy Emerson, Jennifer Graves, Amanda Guerrero, Janosch Linkersdoerfer, Robert T. Schooley, Wes Thompson, Thanh H. Trinh, Ron Yang, Megan M. Herting, Elizabeth R. Sowell, C. Cisneros, Lauren Goedde, Cedric Manlhiot, Jorge Limia, Melanie Curry, Nour El-Sabbagh, Lindsay M. Squeglia, Samuel Agbeh, Cori Herring, Yamuna Sanil, Brittany Mckenzie, Bonnie J. Nagel, Angie Morales, Ian M. Colrain, Eva M. Müller‐Oehring, Ingrid Durley, Lucina Q. Uddin, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Christina Caldera, Jennifer Dzul, Cinthia Zarate, Marie T. Banich, Paola Badilla, Jennifer Keith, G Kumar, David Messinger, Katie Prazak, Sara Jo Nixon, Melanie Cardoso, Meagan Sullivan, Nancy Sullivan, Stephen Villard, Thomas Ernst, Christine Cloak, Huajun Liang, Meghann C. Ryan, Mary Heitzerg, J. J. CONLEY, Leonard Puttler, Shubhika Srivastava, William G. Iacono, Aaron Schroeder, Megan Retucci, Síle Ní Mhurchú, Samantha Spallina, Erin McGlade, Deborah Yurgelun‐Todd, Kirsten Cline, Lauren Heinrich, Perry F. Renshaw, Jackie Szmuszkovicz, Cass Barrett, Sofia Lozon, Samantha Spear, Tory Clearwater, Christine M. Kaiver, Caitlin Nelson, Zach Paltzer, Bridgette Peteet, Olive Calonge, Noah Slattery, Lisa K. Straub, Dongngan T. Truong, Pamela Madden, Taylor Powell, Denise Schmitz, Boris Epie, Rebekah Hobbs, Alex G. Williams, Zhouran Xiang, Julie Miller, Felicia Trachtenberg, Ayesha Amarnath, James Ambrosoli, D. R. ARTIS, Sachin Bandari, Emily Birmingham, Shuo Wang, Lozan Eyob, Kerri Hayes, Chenwei Hu, Dara Watkins, Melissa Joyce, Emma Joyce, Valentina Kazlova, Amanda Marshall, Devine Mbizdenyuy, PJ Mu, Robin Rowe, Brooke Sayles, Mo Zhang, Melissa S. Burnett, Kolby Sanders-Lewis, Kim McHugh, Megan M. Bickford, Pierre C. Wong, Jason Buckley, Delany Dennis, Elizabeth Emrath-Zwick, Mary Freeman, Lanier Jackson, Scott Pletzer, Natasha M. Ruth, Carolyn Taylor, Sinai C. Zyblewski, Andrea L. Dunn, Lilly Fagatele, Linda M. Lambert, Kristin Sexson, Elias Moussi, David Olukayode, Sandra Peña, Ricardo H. Pignatelli, Faridis Serrano, Sara Sexson Tejtel, Lara Shekerdemian, Sarah DeFerrantini, Thomas Giorgio, Numaira Khan, Simran Mahanta, MaryBeth Son, Georgia Reis, Fariborz Behzadian, C. Manzano Cañas, Andrew Cheng, B Snapper Scott, Mike Gawad, Alicia Kazarians, Anastasia Sarkissian, Consuelo Secules, Jennifer Su, Jodie K. Votava‐Smith, Sharon Wagner‐Lees, Sanjeev Aggarwal, Aiman Almasnaah, Nirupama Kannikeswaran, Kathleen L. Meert, Priya Spencer, Sureja Sundaralingam, Vishnu Undyala, Amanda Weber, C Farr, Tamara T. Bradford, Marla Johnston, Chris Forrest, Dana Albizem, Susan Coffin, Therese M. Giglia, Katherine Lupton, Grace Marks, Tonia Morrison, Jennifer C. Nelson, Rachel Sachdeva, Jordyn Britton, Alix Fetch, Marisa Almaguer, Jim Cnota, Lauryn Dugan, Elise Pickering, Kathleen Rathge, Christine A. Capone, Nilanjana Misra, Olga Shamailova, Tammy Doman, Sagar Jani, Jessica Bainton, Doris Alaby, Norma Barton, Carol Prospero, Edward J. Williams, Varsha Zadokar, Arash Sabati, Kylie Domian, Ashley Herzberg, Sanjana Khanna, Todd Nowlen, Susan Park, Jade Porche, Samantha Stack, Kirsten Dummer, Sherrie Bandy, Jane C. Burns, Katheryn Crane, Sanjeet Hedge, Joan Pancheri, Adriana Tremoulet, R. Mark Payne, Mary Stumpf, Michael A. Portman, Hidemi Kajimoto, Onyekachukwu Osakwe, Jemylle Grace S. Morato, Divya Shakti, Katrina Golub, Chanel Rojas, Korsin Rosalind, Chantal Sanchez, Brett R. Anderson, Kavita Sharma, William Anguiano, Catherine Ikemba, Alejandra Lozano, María Paula Martínez, Wendy Rojas, Stephanie S. Handler, Joe Block, Regina Cole, Jennifer Maldonado, Pei‐Ni Jone, Michael Carr, Lauren Goodell, Wantanabe Kar, Kathleen Van’t Hof, Camden L. Hebson, Krissie Hock, Lerraughn Morgan, Isaura Macias, Carl Owada, Mayra Lemus Rangel, Michelle Sykes, Matt Kadish, Lisa T. Newman, Julie Abella, Quinn Barnette, Christine A. Bevc, Jennifer Beverly, Julie Croxford, Tonya Farris, Sean Hanlon, David Hines, Vicki Johnson‐Lawrence, Craig Lefebvre, Beth Linas, Bryan Luukinen, Meisha Mandal, Nikki J. McKoy, Demian Pasquarelli, Claire Quiner, Rita Sembajwe, Vanessa Thornburg, Kendall Tosco, Hannah Wright, Rachel S. Gross, Judith S. Hochman, Leora I. Horwitz, Stuart D. Katz, Andrea B. Troxel, Lenard A. Adler, Precious Akinbo, Ramona Almenana, Malate Aschalew, L. Balick, Ola Bello, Sultana Bhuiyan, Nina Blachman, Ryan C. Branski, Jasmine Briscoe, Shari B. Brosnahan, Elliott Bueler, Yvette Burgos, Nina Caplin, Domonique N. Chaplin, Yu Chen, Cheng Shen, Peter Choe, Jess Choi, Alicia Chung, Richard Church, Stanley E. Cobos, Nakia Croft, Angelique Cruz Irving, Phoebe Del Boccio, Iván Díaz, Jasmin Divers, Vishal Doshi, Benard P. Dreyer, Samantha Ebel, Shari Esquenazi‐Karonika, Arline Faustin, Elias Febres, Jeffrey Fine, Sandra Fink, Catherine Freeland, Jennifer Frontera, Richard Gallagher, Alejandra González‐Duarte, Rachel S. Gross, Denise Hasson, Sophia Hill, Judith S. Hochman, Leora I. Horwitz, Jennifer Hossain, Md Shahidul Islam, Christina Saint Jean, Stephen B. Johnson, Neha Kansal, Stuart D. Katz, Rachel Kenney, Tammy Kershner, Deepshikha Kewlani, Judy Kwak, Michelle F. Lamendola-Essel, Sarah Laury, Gregory Laynor, Lei Lei, Terry Leon, Janelle Linton, Max Logan, Nadia Malik, Lia Mamistvalova, Hannah Mandel, Gabrielle Maranga, Aprajita Mattoo, Tony Mei, Alan L. Mendelsohn, Emmanuelle Mercier, Patricio Millar Vernetti, Marc Miller, Maika Mitchell, André L. Moreira, Praveen C. Mudumbi, Erica R. Nahin, Nandini Nair, Joseph Nekulak, Kellie Owens, Brendan Parent, Nandan Patibandla, Peter K. Petrov, Radu Postelnicu, Francesca Pratt, Isabelle Randall, Priyatha Rao, Amy Rapkiewicz, John‐Ross Rizzo, Johana Rosas, Chelsea Rose, Christina Saint-Jean, Michelle Santacatterina, Binita Shah, Aasma Shaukat, Naomi M. Simon, Aylin Simsir, Miranda Stinson, Wenfei Tang, Vasishta Tatapudi, Sujata Thawani, Mary Thomas, Lorna E. Thorpe, MeeLee Tom, Ethan Treiha, Andrea B. Troxel, Jennifer Truong, Mmekom Udosen, Carlos Valencia^, Jessica Velazquez-Perez, Crystal Vidal, Anand Viswanathan, Amy Willerford, Natasha Williams, Crystal Wong, Marion J. Wood, Shannon W. Wuller, H. Shonna Yin, Chloe Young, Jonah Zaretsky, Susanna Zavlunova, Andrea S. Foulkes, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Shawn N. Murphy, Shreya Ahirwar, Shifa Ahmed, Layne L. Ainsworth, Rachel Atchley-Challenner, Paul Avilach, Trisha T. Balan, Nicholas Benik, Barbara Benoit, Marie‐Abèle Bind, William J. Bonaventura, Natalie Boutin, Beverly Brion, Andrew Cagan, Tianrun Cai, Tingyi Cao, Víctor M. Castro, Xander R. Cerretani, James Chan, Simon Chang, David Cheng, Lori B. Chibnik, Mark Ciriello, Karen H. Costenbader, Dimitar Dimitrov, Hossein Estiri, Maria Fayad, Candace H. Feldman, Vivian S. Gainer, Bhaswati Ghosh, Randy L. Gollub, Alan W. Harris, Karl Helmer, A. R. Hendrix, Ana Holzbach, Weixing Huang, Daniel Kaufman, Diane Keogh, James D. Kerr, Jeffrey G. Klann, Aparna Krishnamoorthy, Jessica Lasky‐Su, Katherine P. Liao, Doug MacFadden, Anupama Maram, Megan W. Martel, Michael Mendis, Reeta Metta, Jonathan Monteiro, Eduardo A. Morales, Marc-Danie Nazaire, Gregory Neils, Amber N. Nguyen, James B. Norman, Henry Paik, Deepti Pant, Heekyong Park, Dustin J. Rabideau, Harrison T. Reeder, Kathleen Rossi-Roh, L Santacroce, Katherine Schlepphorst, Carolin C. M. Schulte, Caitlin Selvaggi, Daniel J. Shinnick, William M. Simons, Lynn Simpson, Mary L. St. Jean Flanders, Zachary H. Strasser, Mansi R. Thakrar, Tanayott Thaweethai, Madeleine Thorn, Philip Trewett, Dustin Van Fleet, Kavishwar B. Wagholikar, Taowei David Wang, Nich Wattanasin, Griffin M. Weber, Michael Allyn Williams, Ren Zhe Zhang, Mine S. Cicek, Erik M. Boysen, Nancy Chang, Thomas J. Flotte, Erika Frisch, Gary Welch, Samantha Wirkus, Nicole Zahnle, Sonseeahray Adams, Teresa Akintonwa, Leyna Aragon, Bryan Bander, Karyn Bishof, Frank Blanceró, G. Daniel Brooks, Etienne Carignan, Megan Carmilani, Leah Castro-Baucom, Marta Cerda, Krista Coombs, Debra Copeland, Claudia Corchado, Hannah Davis, Felicia Davis Blakley, Marissa R Diggs, Belinda Edwards, Heather E. Brown, Umar Favors, Whitney Fields, Liza Fisher, Megan Fitzgerald, Alicia Gaffney, Margot Gage Witvliet, Roberto García, Tyler Gustafson, Nick Güthe, Yvonka Hall, Verna Holmes, Mady Hornig, Maxwell Hornig, Wendy Jefferson, Christina Kim, Nancy Kochis, kevin kondo, Julie A. Lam, Fadwa Lawrence, Lydia Lerma, Rebecca Letts, Juan Lewis, Jacqui Lindsay, Silcia Lopez, Heather Marti, Thomas F. Martínez, Christine Maughan, Lisa McCorkell, Rebecca McGrath, Thomas T. Minor, Charita Moore, Kian Nguyen, Lauren P. Nichols, Lisa O’Brien, Holly Olson, Aimee K. Peddie, Alice Perlowski, Elizabeth Phillips Lorenzo, Lisa Prentiss, Nadia Raytselis, Lidia Regino, Marjorie Roberts, Nitza Rochez, Megan Rockwell, Jacqueline Rutter, Nitza Rochez, Elle Seibert, Anisha Sekar, Chimere Smith, Lauren E. Stiles, Brittany D. Taylor, Emily Taylor, Julie M. Thompson, Stephen K. Trapp, Stephen Valdiva, Hyatt Vincent, Ann Wallace, R. Wilensky, Melissa Williams, Neely Williams, Kay W. Dawson, Andrew Wylam, Mike Zissis, Venkataraman Balaraman, Amanda Bogie, Hülya Bükülmez, Allen J. Dozor, Daniel Eckrich, Amy J. Elliott, Danielle N. Evans, Jonathan S. Farkas, E. Vincent S. Faustino, Laura Fischer, Sunanda Gaur, Ashraf S. Harahsheh, Uzma Hasan, Daniel S. Hsia, Gredia Huerta-Montañez, Kathy D. Hummel, Matt P. Kadish, David C. Kaelber, Krishnan Sankaran, Jessica S. Kosut, Jerry Larrabee, Peter Paul Lim, Ian C. Michelow, Carlos R. Oliveira, Hengameh Raissy, Zaira Rosario-Pabón, Judith L. Ross, Alice I. Sato, Michelle D. Stevenson, Maria M. Talavera‐Barber, Ronald J. Teufel, Kathryn Weakley, Emily Zimmerman, Marie‐Abèle Bind, James Chan, Zoe Guan, Richard E. Morse, Harrison T. Reeder, Natascha Akshoomoff, Judy L. Aschner, Rakesh Bhattacharjee, Lesley Cottrell, Kelly Cowan, Viren D’Sa, Alexander G. Fiks, Maria L. Gennaro, Katherine Irby, Manaswitha Khare, Jeremy Landeo Guttierrez, Russell J. McCulloh, Shalu Narang, Manette Ness-Cochinwala, Sheila M. Nolan, Paul Palumbo, Julie Ryu, Juan C. Salazar, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Cheryl R. Stein, Alan Werzberger, William T. Zempsky, Robin L. Aupperle, Fiona C. Baker, Marie T. Banich, Deanna M. Barch, Arielle Baskin–Sommers, James M. Bjork, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Sandra A. Brown, B.J. Casey, Linda Chang, Duncan B. Clark, Anders M. Dale, Mirella Dapretto, Thomas M. Ernst, Damien A. Fair, Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, John J. Foxe, Edward G. Freedman, Naomi P. Friedman, Hugh Garavan, Dylan G. Gee, Raúl González, Kevin M. Gray, Mary M. Heitzeg, Megan M. Herting, Joanna Jacobus, Angela R. Laird, Christine L. Larson, Krista M. Lisdahl, Mónica Luciana, Beatríz Luna, Pamela A.F. Madden, Erin McGlade, Eva M. Müller‐Oehring, Bonnie J. Nagel, Michael C. Neale, Martin P. Paulus, Alexandra Potter, Perry F. Renshaw, Elizabeth R. Sowell, Lindsay M. Squeglia, Susan Tapert, Lucina Q. Uddin, Sylia Wilson, Deborah A. Yurgelun-Todd · 发表于：JAMA · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1001/jama.2024.12747 · 被引用次数：92 · 研究领域：Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research、Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research

Importance: Most research to understand postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID, has focused on adults, with less known about this complex condition in children. Research is needed to characterize pediatric PASC to enable studies of underlying mechanisms that will guide future treatment. Objective: To identify the most common prolonged symptoms experienced by children (aged 6 to 17 years) after SARS-CoV-2 infection, how these symptoms differ by age (school-age [6-11 years] vs adolescents [12-17 years]), how they cluster into distinct phenotypes, and what symptoms in combination could be used as an empirically derived index to assist researchers to study the likely presence of PASC. Design, Setting, and Participants: Multicenter longitudinal observational cohort study with participants recruited from more than 60 US health care and community settings between March 2022 and December 2023, including school-age children and adolescents with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection history. Exposure: SARS-CoV-2 infection. Main Outcomes and Measures: PASC and 89 prolonged symptoms across 9 symptom domains. Results: A total of 898 school-age children (751 with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection [referred to as infected] and 147 without [referred to as uninfected]; mean age, 8.6 years; 49% female; 11% were Black or African American, 34% were Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish, and 60% were White) and 4469 adolescents (3109 infected and 1360 uninfected; mean age, 14.8 years; 48%...