In Situ‐Constructed Multifunctional Composite Anode with Ultralong‐Life Toward Advanced Lithium‐Metal Batteries

作者：Liang Cao, Mingjing Chu, Yue Li, Xin Xu, Yawen Qiu, Yue Dai, Chencheng Sun, Zhixiong Huang, Xing‐Long Wu, Hongbo Geng · 发表于：Advanced Materials · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/adma.202406034 · 被引用次数：84 · 研究领域：Advancements in Battery Materials、Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies、Advanced Battery Technologies Research

Abstract Metallic lithium is the most competitive anode material for next‐generation high‐energy batteries. Nevertheless, the extensive volume expansion and uncontrolled Li dendrite growth of lithium metal not only cause potential safety hazards but also lead to low Coulombic efficiency and inferior cycling lifespan for Li metal batteries. Herein, a multifunctional dendrite‐free composite anode (Li/SnS 2 ) is proposed through an in situ melt‐infusion strategy. In this configuration, the 3D cross‐linked porous Li 2 S/Li 22 Sn 5 framework facilitates the rapid penetration of electrolytes and accommodates the volume expansion during the repeated Li − plating process. Meanwhile, the lithiophilic Li 2 S phases with a low Li + transport barrier ensure preferential Li deposition, effectively avoiding uneven electron distribution. Moreover, the Li 22 Sn 5 electron conductors with appropriate Li + bonding ability guarantee rapid charge transport and mass transfer. Most importantly, the steady multifunctional skeleton with sufficient inner interfaces (Li 2 S/Li 22 Sn 5 ) in the whole electrode, not only realizes the redistribution of the localized free electron, contributing to the decomposition of Li clusters, but also induces a planar deposition model, thus restraining the generation of Li dendrites. Consequently, an unprecedented cyclability of over 6 500 h under an ultrahigh areal capacity of 10 mAh cm −2 and a current rate of 20 mA cm −2 is achieved for the prepared Li 2 S/Li 22 S...