Nattokinase’s Neuroprotective Mechanisms in Ischemic Stroke: Targeting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Coagulation

作者：Xin-ying Yang, Sheng-lin Wang, Wen-chi Xue, Yupeng Zhang, Liang‐Liang Li, Zhao-hu Luo, Feng-jiao Zhang · 发表于：Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1089/ars.2023.0527 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Neurological Disorders and Treatments、Advanced Glycation End Products research、Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

Aims:Nattokinase (NK), a potent serine endopeptidase, has exhibited a variety of pharmacological effects, including thrombolysis, anti-inflammation, and antioxidative stress. Building on previous research highlighting NK’s promise in nerve regeneration, our study investigated whether NK exerted protective effects in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO)-induced cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanisms. Results:The rats were administered NK (5000, 10000, 20000 FU/kg, i.g., 7 days before surgery, once daily). We showed that NK treatment dose dependently reduced the infarction volume and improved neurological symptoms, decreased the proinflammatory and coagulation cytokines levels, and attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the infarcted area of tMCAO rats. We also found that NK could exert neuroprotective effects in a variety of vitro models, including the microglia inflammation model and neuronal oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model. Notably, NK effectively countered OGD/R-induced neuron death, modulating diverse pathways, including autophagy, apoptosis, PARP-dependent death, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, the neuroprotection of NK was blocked by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), a serine endopeptidase inhibitor. We revealed that heat-inactive NK was unable to protect against tMCAO injury and other vitro models, suggesting NK attenuated ischemic injury by its enzymatic activity. We conducted a prot...