Simultaneous whole‐liver water T1 and T2 mapping with isotropic resolution during free‐breathing

作者：Jonathan Stelter, Kilian Weiss, Lisa Steinhelfer, Veronika Spieker, Elizabeth Huaroc Moquillaza, Weitong Zhang, Marcus R. Makowski, Julia A. Schnabel, Bernhard Kainz, Rickmer Braren, Dimitrios C. Karampinos · 发表于：NMR in Biomedicine · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/nbm.5216 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications、MRI in cancer diagnosis、Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract Purpose To develop and validate a data acquisition scheme combined with a motion‐resolved reconstruction and dictionary‐matching‐based parameter estimation to enable free‐breathing isotropic resolution self‐navigated whole‐liver simultaneous water‐specific ( ) and ( ) mapping for the characterization of diffuse and oncological liver diseases. Methods The proposed data acquisition consists of a magnetization preparation pulse and a two‐echo gradient echo readout with a radial stack‐of‐stars trajectory, repeated with different preparations to achieve different and contrasts in a fixed acquisition time of 6 min. Regularized reconstruction was performed using self‐navigation to account for motion during the free‐breathing acquisition, followed by water–fat separation. Bloch simulations of the sequence were applied to optimize the sequence timing for insensitivity at 3 T, to correct for relaxation‐induced blurring, and to map and using a dictionary. The proposed method was validated on a water–fat phantom with varying relaxation properties and in 10 volunteers against imaging and spectroscopy reference values. The performance and robustness of the proposed method were evaluated in five patients with abdominal pathologies. Results Simulations demonstrate good insensitivity of the proposed method in measuring and values. The proposed method produces co‐registered and maps with a good agreement with reference methods (phantom: ; ). The proposed and mapping exhibits good repe...