The history of interferon-stimulated genes in pregnant cattle, sheep, and pigs

作者：Gregory A. Johnson, Fuller W. Bazer, Robert C. Burghardt, Heewon Seo, Guoyao Wu, Joe W Cain, Ky G Pohler · 发表于：Reproduction · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1530/rep-24-0130 · 被引用次数：20 · 研究领域：Galectins and Cancer Biology、Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases、Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology

In Brief: The trophectoderm of the elongating conceptuses of cattle, sheep, and pigs secrete high amounts of interferons that increase or induce the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the endometrium. Research concerning ISGs, performed from 1995 through 2023, is reviewed in this manuscript. Abstract: Expression of the classical interferon (IFN) stimulated genes (ISGs) increases in the endometrial stroma and glandular epithelium (GE) through activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling in response to the secretion of IFN tau (IFNT) and IFN gamma (IFNG) by the conceptuses of ruminants, including cattle and sheep, and pigs, respectively. The first of the classical ISGs to be characterized was ISG15 in cattle. Classical ISGs are not expressed by the endometrial luminal epithelium (LE) due to the expression of interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) in the LE that prevents the expression of ISGs in the LE. Classical ISG expression in the endometrium serves as a reliable indicator of conceptus health and elongation in cattle. There are also nonclassical ISGs that are upregulated in endometrial LE in response to progesterone (P4) that are further stimulated by IFNT in sheep, the intracellular signaling pathway responsible for IFN effects on expression is unknown. ISGs are also upregulated in extrauterine tissues including CL and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The expression of ISGs by the PBMCs of cattle serves as an ea...