Elevated human impact on islands increases the introduction and extinction status of native insular reptiles

作者：Wendy A. M. Jesse, Jacintha Ellers, Jocelyn E. Behm, Gabriel C. Costa, S. Blair Hedges, Matthew R. Helmus · 发表于：Ecography · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1111/ecog.06817 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Species Distribution and Climate Change、Amphibian and Reptile Biology、Wildlife Ecology and Conservation

In the Anthropocene, the ranges of introduced species are expanding, while extinction‐prone species are contracting. Introductions and extinctions are caused by how species respond to human impacts, but it is unknown why the ranges of some species expand and some contract. Here, we test whether this opposite response of human impact is due to introduced and extinction‐prone species falling at opposite ends of geographic, evolutionary, or ecological trait continua. We constructed a database of native range maps, traits, phylogenetic relationships, and the introduction and extinction‐prone status of squamate reptiles with ranges native to the Western Hemisphere. Across > 3000 snake and lizard species (88% of known native squamates), 142 had been introduced elsewhere and 483 were extinction‐prone (i.e. vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, extinct in the wild, extinct). To explain variation in status, we first tested if the same human‐impacted regions in the Americas contained the native ranges of species of either status. Second, we tested for phylogenetic signal in species status. Finally, we tested the explanatory power of multiple trait continua. The native ranges of introduced and extinction‐prone reptiles were clustered in island regions with high human impact versus mainland regions with lower human impact. Phylogenetic signal was weak for status, but introduced and extinction‐prone species were clustered in different clades. All geographic and ecological trai...