Racial disparities in treatment patterns, healthcare resource use, and outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension in the United States

作者：Lana Melendres‐Groves, Wenze Tang, Hayley D. Germack, Zhiwen Liu, Kay Sadik · 发表于：Current Medical Research and Opinion · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1080/03007995.2024.2377682 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments、Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research、Heart Failure Treatment and Management

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study using claims data compared demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization, and clinical outcomes in Black and White patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in the United States. METHODS: Patients (aged ≥18 years) had ≥1 pharmacy claim for PAH medication, ≥6 months' continuous healthcare plan enrollment, ≥1 inpatient/outpatient medical claim with a pulmonary hypertension diagnosis ≤6 months before first PAH medication, and race recorded. RESULTS: This analysis included 836 Black and 2896 White patients. Black patients were younger, with lower levels of education and annual household income, and higher comorbidity scores versus White patients. Only ∼14% of Black and White patients received index combination therapy. Lower adherence to index treatment was observed in Black patients. Although adjusted regression analysis in the overall population showed no differences in outcomes between groups, Black patients <65 years were 36% less likely to receive index combination therapy (odds ratio [OR] 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-0.99), and 46% less likely to adhere to index treatment (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.33-0.90). Other disparities included 24% higher all-cause health care resource utilization, 75% higher all-cause costs, and higher risk of clinical composite outcome. Social determinants of health (education, income, health insurance plan) partially mediated these race effects. CONCLUSI...