Energy band engineering of graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production

作者：Tengyang Gao, Degui Zhao, Sàisài Yuán, Ming Zheng, Xianjuan Pu, Liang Tang, Zhendong Lei · 发表于：Carbon Energy · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/cey2.596 · 被引用次数：129 · 研究领域：Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques、Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors、Covalent Organic Framework Applications

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is one of the 100 most important chemicals in the world with high energy density and environmental friendliness. Compared with anthraquinone oxidation, direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 with hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ), and electrochemical methods, photocatalysis has the characteristics of low energy consumption, easy operation and less pollution, and broad application prospects in H 2 O 2 generation. Various photocatalysts, such as titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ), metal‐organic materials, and nonmetallic materials, have been studied for H 2 O 2 production. Among them, g‐C 3 N 4 materials, which are simple to synthesize and functionalize, have attracted wide attention. The electronic band structure of g‐C 3 N 4 shows a bandgap of 2.77 eV, a valence band maximum of 1.44 V, and a conduction band minimum of −1.33 V, which theoretically meets the requirements for hydrogen peroxide production. In comparison to semiconductor materials like TiO 2 (3.2 eV), this material has a smaller bandgap, which results in a more efficient response to visible light. However, the photocatalytic activity of g‐C 3 N 4 and the yield of H 2 O 2 were severely inhibited by the electron‐hole pair with high recombination rate, low utilization rate of visible light, and poor selectivity of products. Although previous reviews also presented various strategies to improve photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production, they did not systematically elabo...