Association of retinal age gap with chronic kidney disease and subsequent cardiovascular disease sequelae: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study from the UK Biobank

作者：Guanrong Wu, Xiayin Zhang, Grace A. Borchert, Chunwen Zheng, Yingying Liang, Yaxin Wang, Zijing Du, Yu Huang, Xianwen Shang, Xiaohong Yang, Yijun Hu, Honghua Yu, Zhuoting Zhu · 发表于：Clinical Kidney Journal · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1093/ckj/sfae088 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Retinal Imaging and Analysis、Retinal Diseases and Treatments、Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes

ABSTRACT Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is more prevalent in older adults. Retinal age gap, a biomarker of aging based on fundus images, has been previously developed and validated. This study aimed to investigate the association of retinal age gap with CKD and subsequent CVD complications. Methods A deep learning model was trained to predict the retinal age using 19 200 fundus images of 11 052 participants without any medical history at baseline. Retinal age gap, calculated as retinal age predicted minus chronological age, was calculated for the remaining 35 906 participants. Logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for the association analysis. Results A total of 35 906 participants (56.75 ± 8.04 years, 55.68% female) were included in this study. In the cross-sectional analysis, each 1-year increase in retinal age gap was associated with a 2% increase in the risk of CKD prevalence [odds ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.04, P = .012]. A longitudinal analysis of 35 039 participants demonstrated that 2.87% of them developed CKD in follow-up, and each 1-year increase in retinal age gap was associated with a 3% increase in the risk of CKD incidence (hazard ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, P = .004). In addition, a total of 111 CKD patients (15.81%) developed CVD in follow-up, and each 1-year increase in retinal age gap was associated with a 10% increase in the r...