A(H2N2) and A(H3N2) influenza pandemics elicited durable cross-reactive and protective antibodies against avian N2 neuraminidases

作者：Zaolan Liang, Xia Lin, Lihong Sun, Kimberly M. Edwards, Wenjun Song, Hailiang Sun, Yanmin Xie, Fangmei Lin, Shiman Ling, Tingting Liang, Biying Xiao, Jiaqi Wang, Min� Li, C. K. L. Leung, Huachen Zhu, Nisha Bhandari, Raghavan Varadarajan, Min Z. Levine, Malik Peiris, Robert G. Webster, Dhanasekaran Vijaykrishna, Nancy Leung, Benjamin J. Cowling, Richard J. Webby, Mariette Ducatez, Mark Zanin, Sook‐San Wong · 发表于：Nature Communications · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1038/s41467-024-49884-9 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Influenza Virus Research Studies、Viral Infections and Vectors、Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology

Human cases of avian influenza virus (AIV) infections are associated with an age-specific disease burden. As the influenza virus N2 neuraminidase (NA) gene was introduced from avian sources during the 1957 pandemic, we investigate the reactivity of N2 antibodies against A(H9N2) AIVs. Serosurvey of healthy individuals reveal the highest rates of AIV N2 antibodies in individuals aged ≥65 years. Exposure to the 1968 pandemic N2, but not recent N2, protected against A(H9N2) AIV challenge in female mice. In some older adults, infection with contemporary A(H3N2) virus could recall cross-reactive AIV NA antibodies, showing discernable human- or avian-NA type reactivity. Individuals born before 1957 have higher anti-AIV N2 titers compared to those born between 1957 and 1968. The anti-AIV N2 antibodies titers correlate with antibody titers to the 1957 N2, suggesting that exposure to the A(H2N2) virus contribute to this reactivity. These findings underscore the critical role of neuraminidase immunity in zoonotic and pandemic influenza risk assessment.