Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children

作者：May Chun Mei Wong, Rui Zhang, Bella Weijia Luo, Anne‐Marie Glenny, Helen V Worthington, Edward Chin Man Lo · 发表于：Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/14651858.cd007693.pub3 · 被引用次数：13 · 研究领域：Fluoride Effects and Removal、Dental Health and Care Utilization、Bone and Dental Protein Studies

BACKGROUND: This is an update of a review first published in 2010. Use of topical fluoride has become more common over time. Excessive fluoride consumption from topical fluorides in young children could potentially lead to dental fluorosis in permanent teeth. OBJECTIVES: To describe the relationship between the use of topical fluorides in young children and the risk of developing dental fluorosis in permanent teeth. SEARCH METHODS: We carried out electronic searches of the Cochrane Oral Health Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, three other databases, and two trials registers. We searched the reference lists of relevant articles. The latest search date was 28 July 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional surveys comparing fluoride toothpaste, mouth rinses, gels, foams, paint-on solutions, and varnishes to a different fluoride therapy, placebo, or no intervention. Upon the introduction of topical fluorides, the target population was children under six years of age. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane and used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence. The primary outcome measure was the percentage prevalence of fluorosis in the permanent teeth. Two authors extracted data from all included studies. In cases where both adjusted and unadjusted risk ratios or odds ratios were reported, we used the adjusted valu...