Altered bile acid and correlations with gut microbiome in transition dairy cows with different glucose and lipid metabolism status

作者：Jun Zhang, Xia Zhang, Huifeng Liu, Peiyue Wang, Lei Li, Massimo Bionaz, Pengfei Lin, Junhu Yao · 发表于：Journal of Dairy Science · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3168/jds.2024-24658 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology、Reproductive Physiology in Livestock、Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock

The transition from pregnancy to lactation is critical in dairy cows. Among others, dairy cows experience a metabolic stress due to a large change in glucose and lipid metabolism. Recent studies revealed that bile acids (BA), other than being involved in both the emulsification and solubilization of fats during intestinal absorption, can also affect the metabolism of glucose and lipids, both directly or indirectly by affecting the gut microbiota. Thus, we used untargeted and targeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing approaches to investigate the concentration of plasma metabolites and BA, the composition of the rectum microbial community, and assess their interaction in transition dairy cows. In Experiment 1, we investigated BA and other blood parameters and gut microbiota in dairy cows without clinical diseases during the transition period, which can be seen as well adapted to the challenge of changed glucose and lipid metabolism. As expected, we detected an increased plasma concentrations of BHB and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) but decreased concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG). Untargeted metabolomic analysis of the plasma revealed primary BA biosynthesis was one of the affected pathways, and was consistent with the increased concentration of BA in the plasma. A correlation approach revealed a complex association between BA and microbiota with the host plasma concentration of glucose and lipid metabolites. Among BA, chenodeoxycholic a...