Translation, cultural adaptation and validation of Patient Health Questionnaire and generalized anxiety disorder among adolescents in Nepal

作者：Nagendra P. Luitel, Damodar Rimal, Georgia Eleftheriou, Kelly Rose‐Clarke, Suvash Nayaju, Kamal Gautam, Sagun Ballav Pant, N. R. Devkota, Shruti Rana, Jug Maya Chaudhary, Bhupendra Singh Gurung, Jill W. Åhs, Liliana Carvajal-Vélez, Brandon A. Kohrt · 发表于：Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1186/s13034-024-00763-7 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Mental Health Treatment and Access、Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development、Digital Mental Health Interventions

BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are significant contributors to the global burden of disease among young people. Accurate data on the prevalence of these conditions are crucial for the equitable distribution of resources for planning and implementing effective programs. This study aimed to culturally adapt and validate data collection tools for measuring depression and anxiety at the population level. METHODS: The study was conducted in Kathmandu, Nepal, a diverse city with multiple ethnicities, languages, and cultures. Ten focus group discussions with 56 participants and 25 cognitive interviews were conducted to inform adaptations of the Patient Health Questionnaire adapted for Adolescents (PHQ-A) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). To validate the tools, a cross-sectional survey of 413 adolescents (aged 12-19) was conducted in three municipalities of Kathmandu district. Trained clinical psychologists administered the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-DSM 5 version) to survey participants. RESULTS: A number of cultural adaptations were required, such as changing statements into questions, using a visual scale (glass scale) to maintain uniformity in responses, and including a time frame at the beginning of each item. For younger adolescents aged 12 to 14 years, a PHQ-A cut-off of > = 13 had a sensitivity of 0.93, specificity of 0.80, positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.33, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.99. For older adolesc...