Associations of different dietary patterns, bone mineral density, and fracture risk among elderly women: the China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study

作者：Nan Zhao, Xiangjun Yin, Lin Chen, Shunyu Tang, Hua Lin, Lü Cui, Xiaolan Jin, Zhongjian Xie, Ning Jiang, Lijia Cui, Wei Yu, Steven R. Cummings, Linhong Wang, Weibo Xia · 发表于：Frontiers in Endocrinology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fendo.2024.1378158 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Bone health and osteoporosis research、Nutritional Studies and Diet、Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments

Objective: Despite the fact that China amounts to one-fifth of the world's population, has a higher proportion of the elderly, and has a higher prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture, limited studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as fracture risk among the elderly Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between different dietary patterns and BMD as well as the risk of fractures, and this association may vary between elderly women and men. Methods: Building upon the China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study, we included 17,489 subjects aged ≥40 years old randomly sampled across 44 counties/districts of 11 provinces or municipalities in China who completed a food frequency questionnaire. BMD was measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Vertebral fracture was defined based on lateral spine radiographs using the semi-quantitative technique of Genant. Results: A diet rich in "carnivorous", "vegetarian", "dairy, fruit, and egg" was significantly associated with higher BMD at total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and lumbar spine 1-4 (L1-4). Yet, a diet rich in "beverage and fried food" was associated with a lower BMD at the FN and L1-4. High quartiles of the carnivorous diet were associated with 34%-39% reduced risk of clinical fracture in the past 5 years and vertebral fracture. Stronger associations were observed among women. Sensitivity analysis among postmenopausal women presented even stronger positi...