Genetic characterization of the first Deltacoronavirus from wild birds around Qinghai Lake

作者：Ye Tian, Tianqi Yu, Jun Wang, Haoxiang Zhang, Yingna Jian, Xiuping Li, Geping Wang, Guanghua Wang, Yong Hu, Chun-Ye Lu, Jiyong Zhou, Liqing Ma, Min Liao · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2024.1423367 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Animal Virus Infections Studies、Virus-based gene therapy research、interferon and immune responses

Deltacoronavirus, widely distributed among pigs and wild birds, pose a significant risk of cross-species transmission, including potential human epidemics. Metagenomic analysis of bird samples from Qinghai Lake, China in 2021 reported the presence of Deltacoronavirus. A specific gene fragment of Deltacoronavirus was detected in fecal samples from wild birds at a positive rate of 5.94% (6/101). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) identified a novel Deltacoronavirus strain, which was closely related to isolates from the United Arab Emirates (2018), China (2022), and Poland (2023). Subsequently the strain was named A/black-headed gull/Qinghai/2021(BHG-QH-2021) upon confirmation of the Cytochrome b gene of black-headed gull in the sample. All available genome sequences of avian Deltacoronavirus, including the newly identified BHG-QH-2021 and 5 representative strains of porcine Deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), were classified according to ICTV criteria. In contrast to Coronavirus HKU15 , which infects both mammals and birds and shows the possibility of cross-species transmission from bird to mammal host, our analysis revealed that BHG-QH-2021 is classified as Putative species 4 . Putative species 4 has been reported to infect 5 species of birds but not mammals, suggesting that cross-species transmission of Putative species 4 is more prevalent among birds. Recombination analysis traced BHG-QH-2021 origin to dut148cor1 and MW01_1o strains, with MW01_1o contributing the S gene. Surprisingly, S...