Search for a Second Earth – the Earth 2.0 (ET) Space Mission

作者：Jian Ge, Wen Chen, Yonghe CHEN, Zongxi Song, Jian Wang, Hui Zhang, Yan Li, Weicheng Zang, Dan Zhou, Yongshuai Zhang, Kun Chen, Yingquan Yang, Shude Mao, Chelsea HUANG, Xinyu Yao, Xinglong LI, Haijiao JIANG, Yong Yu, Zhenghong Tang, Feng Dong, Wei Gao, Hongfei Zhang, Chao Shen, Fengtao Wang, Chuanxin Wei, Baoyu Yang, Yudong LI, Lin WEN, Pengjun Zhang, Congcong ZHANG, Ji‐Wei Xie, Bo Ma, Hongping Deng, Hui-Gen Liu, Xuliang Duan, Haoyu WANG, Jiangjiang HUANG, Yang Gao, Yifei Wang, Lei Wang, Genjian Qin, Xinyu Liu, Jie Gao · 发表于：Chinese Journal of Space Science · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.11728/cjss2024.03.yg05 · 被引用次数：20 · 研究领域：Astro and Planetary Science、Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies、Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae

The Earth 2.0 (ET) mission will pioneer the international breakthrough in the frontier scientific issue of the existence and evolution of Earth 2.0s (or exo-Earths) in the origin of life by adopting the key technology of ultra-high precision photometry with a large field of view in space. The ET mission will deploy a space observatory consisting of six wide-field transit telescopes and one micro-lensing telescope in a halo orbit at the Sun-Earth Lagrange L2 point. Combining transit and micro-lensing methods, utilizing the ultra-large field of view and ultra-high precision optical photometry observations in space, the ET mission will for the first time discover historically significant Earth 2.0s and determine their occurrence rate. It will conduct the first large-scale survey of terrestrial-like and free-floating planets, discover free-floating Earth-mass planets and measure their occurrence rates, reveal the origins of Earth-like and free-floating planets, and provide candidates and new directions for the search for extraterrestrial life. The observational results, statistical studies, and theoretical tests of the ET mission will answer pressing frontier scientific questions such as “How common are Earth-like planets in the universe”, “How do Earth-like planets form and evolve” and “How do free-floating planets originate”. Follow-up observations of the Earth 2.0 samples discovered by the ET mission will precisely measure their mass, density, and atmospheric composition, cont...