Disaster effects of climate change in High Mountain Asia: State of art and scientific challenges

作者：Hao Wang, Binbin Wang, Peng Cui, Yaoming Ma, Yan Wang, Jiansheng Hao, Yu Wang, Yamei Li, Lijun Sun, Jiao Wang, Guotao Zhang, Weimo Li, Lei Yu, Wenqing Zhao, Jinbo Tang, Chao-Yue Li · 发表于：Advances in Climate Change Research · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.accre.2024.06.003 · 被引用次数：72 · 研究领域：Cryospheric studies and observations、Climate change and permafrost、Landslides and related hazards

High-Mountain Asia (HMA) shows a remarkable warming tendency and divergent trend of regional precipitation with enhanced meteorological extremes. The rapid thawing of the HMA cryosphere may alter the magnitude and frequency of nature hazards. This study reviews the impact of various types of nature hazards in HMA region, including their phenomena, mechanisms and impacts. It reveals that: 1) the occurrences of extreme rainfall, heavy snowfall, and drifting snow hazards are escalating; accelerated ice and snow melting have advanced the onset and increased the magnitude of snowmelt floods; 2) elevating trigger factors, such as glacier debuttressing and the rapid shift of thermal and hydrological regime of bedrock/snow/ice interface or subsurface, the mass flow hazards including bedrock landslide, snow avalanche, ice-rock avalanches or glacier detachment, and debris flow will become more severe; 3) increased active-layer detachment and retrogressive thaw slumps slope failures, thaw settlement and thermokarst lake will damage many important engineering structures and infrastructure in permafrost region; 4) multi-hazards cascading hazard in HMA, such as the glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) and avalanche-induced mass flow may greatly enlarge the destructive power of the primary hazard by amplifying its volume, mobility, and impact force; and 5) enhanced slope instability and sediment supply in the highland areas could impose remote catastrophic impacts upon lowland regions, and th...