Euclid: Early Release Observations – A glance at free-floating newborn planets in the σ Orionis cluster

作者：E. L. Martín, M. Žerjal, H. Bouy, D Martin-Gonzalez, S. Muñoz Torres, D. Barrado, J. Olivares, A. Pérez‐Garrido, P. Mas-Buitrago, P. Cruz, E. Solano, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, N. Lodieu, V. J. S. Béjar, J.-Y Zhang, C. del Burgo, N. Huélamo, R. Laureijs, A. Mora, T. Saifollahi, Jean‐Charles Cuillandre, M. Schirmer, R. Tata, Sean Points, N. Phan-Bao, B. Goldman, S.L Casewell, C. Reylé, R. L. Smart, C. Dominguez-Tagle, A. Escobar, N. Sedighi, S. Tsilia, N. Vitas, A. Ayadi, N. Aghanim, B. Altieri, S. Andreon, N. Auricchio, Marco Baldi, A Balestra, S. Bardelli, Alberto Basset, R. Bender, D. Bonino, E. Branchini, M. Brescia, J. Brinchmann, S. Camera, V. Capobianco, C. Carbone, J. Carretero, Santiago Casas, M. Castellano, S. Cavuoti, A. Cimatti, G. Congedo, C. J. Conselice, L. Conversi, Y. Copin, L. Corcione, F. Courbin, H. M. Courtois, M. Cropper, A. Da Silva, H. Degaudenzi, A. M. Di Giorgio, J. Dinis, F. Dubath, X. Dupac, S. Dusini, A. Ealet, M. Farina, S. Farrens, S. Ferriol, P. Fosalba, M. Frailis, E. Franceschi, M. Fumana, S. Galeotta, B. Garilli, W. Gillard, B. Gillis, C. Giocoli, P Gómez-Álvarez, A. Grazian, F. Grupp, L. Guzzo, S. V. H. Haugan, J. Hoar, Henk Hoekstra, W. A. Holmes, I. Hook, F. Hormuth, A. Hornstrup, Dandan Hu, P. Hudelot, K. Jahnkę, M Jhabvala, E. Keihänen, S. Kermiche, A. Kiessling, M. Kilbinger, T. Kitching, R. Kohley, B. Kubik, M Kümmel, M. Kunz, H. Kurki‐Suonio, D. Le Mignant, S. Ligori, P. B. Lilje, V. Lindholm, I. Lloro, D. Maino, E. Maiorano, O. Mansutti, O. Marggraf, N. Martinet, F. Marulli, R. Massey, E. Medinaceli, S. Mei, M. Melchior, Y. Mellier, M. Meneghetti, G. Meylan, J. J. Mohr, M. Moresco, L. Moscardini, S.-M Niemi, C. Padilla Aranda, S. Paltani, F. Pasian, K. Pedersen, W. J. Percival, V. Pettorino, S. Pires, G. Polenta, M. Poncet, L. A. Popa, L. Pozzetti, G. D. Racca, F. Raison, R. Rébolo, A. Renzi, Jason Rhodes, G. Riccio, Hans‐Walter Rix, E. Romelli, M. Roncarelli, E. Rossetti, R. P. Saglia, D. Sapone, B. Sartoris, M. Sauvage, R. Scaramella, Peter Schneider, A. Secroun, G. Seidel, M. D. Seiffert, S. Serrano, C. Sirignano, G. Sirri, L. Stančo, P. Tallada-Crespí, A. N. Taylor, H. I. Teplitz, I. Tereno, R. Toledo-Moreo, Alexei Tsyganov, I. Tutusaus, L. Valenziano, T. Vassallo, G. Verdoes Kleijn, Yun Wang, J. Weller, O. R. Williams, E. Zucca, C. Baccigalupi, G Willis, P. Šimon, J Martín-Fleitas, D. Scott · 发表于：Astronomy and Astrophysics · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/202450793 · 被引用次数：17 · 研究领域：Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies、Astro and Planetary Science、Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies

We provide an early assessment of the imaging capabilities of the Euclid space mission to deeply probe nearby star-forming regions and associated very young open clusters, and in particular, to determine to which extent it can shed light into the newborn free- floating planet population. This paper focusses on a low-reddening region observed in just one Euclid pointing. The dust and gas has been cleared out from the region by the hot σ Orionis star. One late-M and six known spectroscopically confirmed L-type ultracool members in the σ Orionis cluster were used as benchmarks to provide a high-purity procedure to select new candidate members with Euclid . The exquisite angular resolution and depth delivered by the Euclid instruments allowed us to focus on bona fide point sources. A cleaned sample of σ Orionis cluster substellar members was produced, and the initial mass function (IMF) was estimated by combining Euclid and Gaia data. Our σ Orionis substellar IMF is consistent with a power-law distribution without a significant steepening at the planetary-mass end. No evidence of a low-mass cutoff is found down to the detection limit of this study at 4 Jupiter masses in the very young σ Orionis open cluster.