Remote Sensing and Modeling of the Cryosphere in High Mountain Asia: A Multidisciplinary Review

作者：Qinghua Ye, Yuzhe Wang, Lin Liu, Linan Guo, Xueqin Zhang, Liyun Dai, Limin Zhai, Yafan Hu, Nauman Ali, Xinhui Ji, Youhua Ran, Yubao Qiu, Lijuan Shi, Tao Che, Ninglian Wang, Xin Li, Liping Zhu · 发表于：Remote Sensing · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3390/rs16101709 · 被引用次数：28 · 研究领域：Cryospheric studies and observations、Climate change and permafrost、Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics

Over the past decades, the cryosphere has changed significantly in High Mountain Asia (HMA), leading to multiple natural hazards such as rock–ice avalanches, glacier collapse, debris flows, landslides, and glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Monitoring cryosphere change and evaluating its hydrological effects are essential for studying climate change, the hydrological cycle, water resource management, and natural disaster mitigation and prevention. However, knowledge gaps, data uncertainties, and other substantial challenges limit comprehensive research in climate–cryosphere–hydrology–hazard systems. To address this, we provide an up-to-date, comprehensive, multidisciplinary review of remote sensing techniques in cryosphere studies, demonstrating primary methodologies for delineating glaciers and measuring geodetic glacier mass balance change, glacier thickness, glacier motion or ice velocity, snow extent and water equivalent, frozen ground or frozen soil, lake ice, and glacier-related hazards. The principal results and data achievements are summarized, including URL links for available products and related data platforms. We then describe the main challenges for cryosphere monitoring using satellite-based datasets. Among these challenges, the most significant limitations in accurate data inversion from remotely sensed data are attributed to the high uncertainties and inconsistent estimations due to rough terrain, the various techniques employed, data variability across the...