Genomic variation, environmental adaptation, and feralization in ramie, an ancient fiber crop

作者：Zeng‐Yuan Wu, Mark A. Chapman, Jie Liu, Richard I. Milne, Ying Zhao, Ya‐Huang Luo, Guang‐Fu Zhu, Marc W. Cadotte, Mingbao Luan, Peng‐Zhen Fan, Alex Monro, Zhi‐Peng Li, Richard T. Corlett, Li D · 发表于：Plant Communications · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100942 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Research in Cotton Cultivation、Plant Reproductive Biology、Tree Root and Stability Studies

Feralization is an important evolutionary process, but the mechanisms behind it remain poorly understood. Here, we use the ancient fiber crop ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich.) as a model to investigate genomic changes associated with both domestication and feralization. We first produced a chromosome-scale de novo genome assembly of feral ramie and investigated structural variations between feral and domesticated ramie genomes. Next, we gathered 915 accessions from 23 countries, comprising cultivars, major landraces, feral populations, and the wild progenitor. Based on whole-genome resequencing of these accessions, we constructed the most comprehensive ramie genomic variation map to date. Phylogenetic, demographic, and admixture signal detection analyses indicated that feral ramie is of exoferal or exo-endo origin, i.e., descended from hybridization between domesticated ramie and the wild progenitor or ancient landraces. Feral ramie has higher genetic diversity than wild or domesticated ramie, and genomic regions affected by natural selection during feralization differ from those under selection during domestication. Ecological analyses showed that feral and domesticated ramie have similar ecological niches that differ substantially from the niche of the wild progenitor, and three environmental variables are associated with habitat-specific adaptation in feral ramie. These findings advance our understanding of feralization, providing a scientific basis for the excavation ...