Common cold viruses circulating in children threaten wild chimpanzees through asymptomatic adult carriers

作者：Taylor E. Weary, Tressa Pappas, Patrick Tusiime, Shamilah Tuhaise, Emily Otali, Melissa Emery Thompson, Elizabeth M. Ross, James E. Gern, Tony L. Goldberg · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-024-61236-7 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology、Respiratory viral infections research、Zoonotic diseases and public health

Reverse zoonotic respiratory diseases threaten great apes across Sub-Saharan Africa. Studies of wild chimpanzees have identified the causative agents of most respiratory disease outbreaks as "common cold" paediatric human pathogens, but reverse zoonotic transmission pathways have remained unclear. Between May 2019 and August 2021, we conducted a prospective cohort study of 234 children aged 3-11 years in communities bordering Kibale National Park, Uganda, and 30 adults who were forest workers and regularly entered the park. We collected 2047 respiratory symptoms surveys to quantify clinical severity and simultaneously collected 1989 nasopharyngeal swabs approximately monthly for multiplex viral diagnostics. Throughout the course of the study, we also collected 445 faecal samples from 55 wild chimpanzees living nearby in Kibale in social groups that have experienced repeated, and sometimes lethal, epidemics of human-origin respiratory viral disease. We characterized respiratory pathogens in each cohort and examined statistical associations between PCR positivity for detected pathogens and potential risk factors. Children exhibited high incidence rates of respiratory infections, whereas incidence rates in adults were far lower. COVID-19 lockdown in 2020-2021 significantly decreased respiratory disease incidence in both people and chimpanzees. Human respiratory infections peaked in June and September, corresponding to when children returned to school. Rhinovirus, which caused a ...