fim3–24/ptxP-3 genotype is associated to whooping cough outbreak in Brazilian Midwest: The selection of Bordetella pertussis strains driven by vaccine immunization

作者：Victor Gomes de Paula, Rayane Sarafim de Sousa, R Silva, Everton Giovani Alves, Alexandre Rodrigues Caetano, P. Ianella, Tatiana Amabile de Campos · 发表于：Infection Genetics and Evolution · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105599 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Bacterial Infections and Vaccines、Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections、Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management

Whopping cough (or Pertussis) is an acute infectious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis bacteria. The disease is highly transmissible and can be fatal in children under two years old. Since the introduction of vaccine immunization in 1940, Pertussis incidence decreased worldwide. In Brazil, the immunization was introduced in 1977 using the whole cell (wP) vaccine. Despite the high vaccination coverage, an unexpected increase in the number of observed Pertussis cases was observed in 2012. In this year, 2257 cases were reported exceeding the average incidence rate of <1000 cases per year until 2010. This outbreak reached a peak level in 2014 and ended in 2018 according to the Brazilian National Surveillance System (SINAN). To understand the relationship between the outbreak and the vaccination, bacterial isolates (n = 136) from the Brazilian Midwest region obtained during the outbreak were submitted to genotyping of two vaccine loci: ptxP and fim3. Most of isolates (102) were obtained from nursing children (29 days to 2 years old). Genotyping of 94 isolates revealed that fim3-24/ptxP-3 was the most prevalent genotype (68%) associated with the outbreak peak. Two additional genotypes were also observed: fim3-1/ptxP-3 (15%) and fim3-3/ptxP-3 (17%). Conversely, the fim3-1/ptxP-2 genotype, which is harbored by the strain used in the wP vaccine (Bp137), was not observed. These results showed that B. pertussis circulating strains in the outbreak analyzed were different...