Structural characterization and immunostimulant activities of polysaccharides fractionated by gradient ethanol precipitation method from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

作者：Mengran Xu, Jing Ren, Ziye Jiang, Shuo Zhou, Enpeng Wang, Hui Li, Wei Wu, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jing Wang, Lili Jiao · 发表于：Frontiers in Pharmacology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fphar.2024.1388206 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls、Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications、Polysaccharides Composition and Applications

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a dual-purpose plant for medicine and food, its polysaccharide is considered as an immune enhancer. Four polysaccharides, WGP-20-F, WGP-40-F, WGP-60-F and WGP-80-F were obtained from ginseng via water extraction and gradient ethanol precipitation with different molecular weights ( Mw ) of 1.720 × 10 6 , 1.434 × 10 6 , 4.225 × 10 4 and 1.520 × 10 4 Da, respectively. WGP-20-F and WGP-40-F which with higher Mw and a triple-helix structure are glucans composed of 4-ɑ-Glc p , do not show remarkable immunoregulatory effects. WGP-60-F and WGP-80-F are heteropolysaccharides mainly composed of 4-ɑ-Glc p and also contain t-ɑ-Ara f , 5-ɑ-Ara f and 3,5-ɑ-Ara f . They are spherical branched conformations without a triple-helix structure and can effectively increase the index of immune organs, lymphocyte proliferation, activate macrophages to regulate the immune system in mice and further enhance immune functions by improving delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction and antibody response. These results indicated that WGP-60-F and WGP-80-F could be used as potential immune enhancers, and gradient ethanol precipitation can be applied for the preparation of ginseng bioactive polysaccharide.