Real-Time Quantitative Evaluation of a Drug during Liposome Preparation Using a Probe-Type Raman Spectrometer

作者：Takumi Sato, Kazuki Haneishi, Hiroshi Hisada, Mika Yoshimura Fujii, Tatsuo Koide, Toshiro Fukami · 发表于：Langmuir · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03872 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research、Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography、Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses

During the manufacturing process of liposome formulations, it is considered difficult to evaluate their physicochemical properties and biological profiles due to the complexity of their structure and manufacturing process. Conventional quality evaluation is labor-intensive and time-consuming; therefore, there was a need to introduce a method that could perform in-line, real-time evaluation during the manufacturing process. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor in real time the encapsulation of drugs into liposomes and the drug release, which are particularly important quality evaluation items. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy combined with partial least-squares (PLS) analysis was used for quantitative drug evaluation to assess consistency with results from UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV), a common quantification method. The prepared various ciprofloxacin (CPFX) liposomes were placed in cellulose tubes, and a probe-type Raman spectrophotometer was used to monitor drug encapsulation, the removal of unencapsulated drug, and drug release characteristics in real time using a dialysis method. In the Raman spectra of the liposomes prepared by remote loading, the intensities of the CPFX-derived peaks increased upon drug encapsulation and showed a slight decrease upon removal of the unencapsulated drug. Furthermore, the peak intensity decreased more gradually during the drug release. In all Raman monitoring experiments, the discrepancy between quantified values of CPF...