Snakebite envenoming: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global morbidity and mortality

作者：Afsana Afroz, Bodrun Naher Siddiquea, Hasina Akhter Chowdhury, Timothy Jackson, Andrew D. Watt · 发表于：PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1371/journal.pntd.0012080 · 被引用次数：105 · 研究领域：Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies、Healthcare and Venom Research、Rabies epidemiology and control

BACKGROUND: Snakebite envenoming represents a significant and often neglected public health challenge, particularly in rural communities across tropical and subtropical regions. An estimated 1.2-5.5 million people are envenomed by snakebites annually. More than 125,000 of these bites are fatal, and 3-4 times as many results in disability/disfigurement. Despite its prevalence, collecting accurate epidemiological data on snakebite is challenging. This systematic review and meta-analysis collates global epidemiology data on snakebite morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Medline, Embase, Cochrane and CINAHL Plus databases were searched for articles published between 2001-2022. Pooled incidence and mortality were obtained using random effects modelling, heterogeneity (I2) was tested, and sensitivity analyses performed. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed study quality. RESULTS: Out of the four databases, 5,312 articles were found. After removing duplicates, 3,953 articles were screened by title and abstract and 65 articles containing information on snakebite epidemiology, encompassing 663,460 snakebites, were selected for analysis. The people most at risk for snakebite were men (59%), engaged in agricultural labour (27.5%), and residing in rural areas (66.7%). More than half (57%) of the reported bites resulted in envenoming. Incidents occurred frequently in the summer season (38.5%), during daytime (56.7%), and bites were most often to the lower limb (56.4%). Envenoming severity was fre...