Monocytes and Macrophages in Kidney Disease and Homeostasis

作者：Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh, Gabriela García, Luan D. Truong · 发表于：International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3390/ijms25073763 · 被引用次数：24 · 研究领域：Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies、Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes、Immune cells in cancer

The monocyte-macrophage lineage of inflammatory cells is characterized by significant morphologic and functional plasticity. Macrophages have broad M1 and M2 phenotype subgroups with distinctive functions and dual reno-toxic and reno-protective effects. Macrophages are a major contributor to injury in immune-complex-mediated, as well as pauci-immune, glomerulonephritis. Macrophages are also implicated in tubulointerstitial and vascular disease, though there have not been many human studies. Patrolling monocytes in the intravascular compartment have been reported in auto-immune injury in the renal parenchyma, manifesting as acute kidney injury. Insights into the pathogenetic roles of macrophages in renal disease suggest potentially novel therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers and targeted therapy. This review provides a concise overview of the macrophage-induced pathogenetic mechanism as a background for the latest findings about macrophages' roles in different renal compartments and common renal diseases.