Bioinformatics and system biology approach to identify the influences among COVID-19, influenza, and HIV on the regulation of gene expression

作者：Zhen Zhang, Hao Jin, Xu Zhang, Mei Bai, Kexin Zheng, Jing Tian, Bin Deng, Lingling Mao, Pengcheng Qiu, Bo Huang · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369311 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：interferon and immune responses、COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as a infectious disease, coexisting with widespread seasonal and sporadic influenza epidemics globally. Individuals living with HIV, characterized by compromised immune systems, face an elevated risk of severe outcomes and increased mortality when affected by COVID-19. Despite this connection, the molecular intricacies linking COVID-19, influenza, and HIV remain unclear. Our research endeavors to elucidate the shared pathways and molecular markers in individuals with HIV concurrently infected with COVID-19 and influenza. Furthermore, we aim to identify potential medications that may prove beneficial in managing these three interconnected illnesses. Methods: Sequencing data for COVID-19 (GSE157103), influenza (GSE185576), and HIV (GSE195434) were retrieved from the GEO database. Commonly expressed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified across the three datasets, followed by immune infiltration analysis and diagnostic ROC analysis on the DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using GO/KEGG and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Hub genes were screened through a Protein-Protein Interaction networks (PPIs) analysis among DEGs. Analysis of miRNAs, transcription factors, drug chemicals, diseases, and RNA-binding proteins was conducted based on the identified hub genes. Finally, quantitative PCR (qPCR) expression verification was undertaken for selected hub genes. Results: . Ad...