Growth, spectroscopy and laser operation of Tm,Ho:GdScO 3 perovskite crystal

作者：Kirill Eremeev, Pavel Loiko, Chengchun Zhao, Zhang-Lang Lin, Xavier Mateos, Ghassen Zin Elabedine, Patrice Camy, Alain Braud, Uwe Griebner, Valentin Petrov, Ge Zhang, Shanming Li, Ying Hang, Weidong Chen · 发表于：Optics Express · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1364/oe.518709 · 被引用次数：19 · 研究领域：Solid State Laser Technologies、Glass properties and applications、Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies

We report on the growth, polarized spectroscopy and first laser operation of an orthorhombic (space group Pnma ) Tm 3+ ,Ho 3+ -codoped gadolinium orthoscandate (GdScO 3 ) perovskite-type crystal. A single crystal of 3.76 at.% Tm, 0.35 at.% Ho:GdScO 3 was grown by the Czochralski method. Its polarized absorption and fluorescence properties were studied revealing a broadband emission around 2 µm. The parameters of the Tm 3+ ↔ Ho 3+ energy transfer was quantified, P 28 = 1.30 × 10 −22 cm 3 µs -1 , and P 71 = 0.99 × 10 −23 cm 3 µs -1 , and the thermal equilibrium lifetime was measured to be 3.5 ms. The crystal-field splitting of Tm 3+ and Ho 3+ multiplets in C s symmetry sites of the perovskite structure was determined by low-temperature spectroscopy and the mechanism of spectral line broadening is discussed. The continuous-wave Tm,Ho:GdScO 3 laser generated 1.16 W at ∼2.1 µm with a slope efficiency of 50.5%, a laser threshold of 184 mW, a linear laser polarization ( E || c ) and a spatially single-mode output. The Tm,Ho:GdScO 3 crystal is promising for broadly tunable and femtosecond mode-locked lasers emitting above 2 µm.