Capacity and establishment rules govern the number of nonnative species in communities of ground‐dwelling invertebrates

作者：Michael Kaspari, Michael D. Weiser, Cameron D. Siler, Katie E. Marshall, Sierra N. Smith, Katherine M. Stroh, Kirsten M. de Beurs · 发表于：Ecology and Evolution · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1002/ece3.10856 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies、Isotope Analysis in Ecology、Species Distribution and Climate Change

Nonnative species are a key agent of global change. However, nonnative invertebrates remain understudied at the community scales where they are most likely to drive local extirpations. We use the North American NEON pitfall trapping network to document the number of nonnative species from 51 invertebrate communities, testing four classes of drivers. We sequenced samples using the eDNA from the sample's storage ethanol. We used AICc informed regression to evaluate how native species richness, productivity, habitat, temperature, and human population density and vehicular traffic account for continent-wide variation in the number of nonnative species in a local community. The percentage of nonnatives varied 3-fold among habitat types and over 10-fold (0%-14%) overall. We found evidence for two types of constraints on nonnative diversity. Consistent with Capacity rules (i.e., how the number of niches and individuals reflect the number of species an ecosystem can support) nonnatives increased with existing native species richness and ecosystem productivity. Consistent with Establishment Rules (i.e., how the dispersal rate of nonnative propagules and the number of open sites limits nonnative species richness) nonnatives increased with automobile traffic-a measure of human-generated propagule pressure-and were twice as common in pastures than native grasslands. After accounting for drivers associated with a community's ability to support native species (native species richness and p...